during sustained AFresultsduring sustained AF

in congestive heart failureresultingin congestive heart failure

in progressive heart failureresultingin progressive heart failure

from inborn defect of spermatic venous valves , which occurs in some 15 % of adult men with 90 % in left side and some 10 % involving both sidesresultingfrom inborn defect of spermatic venous valves , which occurs in some 15 % of adult men with 90 % in left side and some 10 % involving both sides

a key role in AF(passive) caused bya key role in AF

an impaired systolic function which results in an irregular heartbeat and heart failurecausesan impaired systolic function which results in an irregular heartbeat and heart failure

congestion of blood , Seattle , WA Mauss M 1990causescongestion of blood , Seattle , WA Mauss M 1990

congestion of blood ... R. 16 For organometallic catalysiscausescongestion of blood ... R. 16 For organometallic catalysis

to more AF episodes or progression to persistent and permanent formsleadsto more AF episodes or progression to persistent and permanent forms

to heart failure accompanied by non - CM cell population depletion ( Pesl et al . , 2020leadingto heart failure accompanied by non - CM cell population depletion ( Pesl et al . , 2020

to more serious complications including aortic dissection ( tearing of the aortic wallcan leadto more serious complications including aortic dissection ( tearing of the aortic wall

to left ventricular diastolic or systolic dysfunctionleadingto left ventricular diastolic or systolic dysfunction

congestion of blood generic coreg 12.5 mg amex pulse pressure 100causescongestion of blood generic coreg 12.5 mg amex pulse pressure 100

non - structural changes to the heart that can cause arrhythmias or electrophysiological conduction delaysmay also causenon - structural changes to the heart that can cause arrhythmias or electrophysiological conduction delays

Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen , or swelling of the legs Vague upper abdominal discomfort from a congested liver Fatigue due to diminished cardiac output Most cases of tricuspid insufficiency(passive) are caused byAccumulation of fluid in the abdomen , or swelling of the legs Vague upper abdominal discomfort from a congested liver Fatigue due to diminished cardiac output Most cases of tricuspid insufficiency

to subsequent annular dilatation and functional insufficiencycommonly leadsto subsequent annular dilatation and functional insufficiency

to ventricular wall thinning , degeneration , and loss of contractilityleadsto ventricular wall thinning , degeneration , and loss of contractility

from either myocardial cell elongationcan resultfrom either myocardial cell elongation

an increase in the preload volume which , in turn , causes increased stroke work during contractionscausesan increase in the preload volume which , in turn , causes increased stroke work during contractions

to apical and lateral distraction of the papillary muscles , which results in tethering of the mitral leafletsleadsto apical and lateral distraction of the papillary muscles , which results in tethering of the mitral leaflets

increased mechanical stress and myocardial stretchalso causesincreased mechanical stress and myocardial stretch

mitral or tricuspid valve regurgitation with further increases in end - diastolic volumescan also causemitral or tricuspid valve regurgitation with further increases in end - diastolic volumes

from the increased preload causesresultingfrom the increased preload causes

a decrease in cardiac workcausinga decrease in cardiac work

to dilation of the mitral annulus and tricuspid annulusleadsto dilation of the mitral annulus and tricuspid annulus

alsocan ... causealso

a general- ized voltage decrease in the extremity leads and slow R pro-may causea general- ized voltage decrease in the extremity leads and slow R pro-

to atrioventricular annular dilationcan leadto atrioventricular annular dilation

a thinning of the ventricular wallcausesa thinning of the ventricular wall

to dilation of the mitral annulus and papillary muscle displacementleadsto dilation of the mitral annulus and papillary muscle displacement

to venous poolingleadingto venous pooling

to increased diastolic pressure and volumeleadingto increased diastolic pressure and volume

to hypertrophy eventually leading to CHF ( acute or chronic AR ) high LV stroke volumeleadsto hypertrophy eventually leading to CHF ( acute or chronic AR ) high LV stroke volume

dilation of both the mitral and tricuspid annuli which leads to mitral and tricuspid regurgitation ... further worsening the efficiency of the heart as much of the reduced stroke volume is lost to the regurgitation Reactions : WheezyBaby and jqueb29causedilation of both the mitral and tricuspid annuli which leads to mitral and tricuspid regurgitation ... further worsening the efficiency of the heart as much of the reduced stroke volume is lost to the regurgitation Reactions : WheezyBaby and jqueb29

a fall in SV during a fall in the EF of the RV contracting toward an increased RVESV indexpreventeda fall in SV during a fall in the EF of the RV contracting toward an increased RVESV index

to a reduced arterial pressure , reduced preload , reduced oxygen consumptionleadsto a reduced arterial pressure , reduced preload , reduced oxygen consumption

symptoms of severe headache , vomiting , irritability , lethargy , increased blood pressurecreatessymptoms of severe headache , vomiting , irritability , lethargy , increased blood pressure

to reduction in LVEFleadto reduction in LVEF

proper coaptation by altering the size and position of the mitral annulus ( Otsuji , et al . , 1997preventsproper coaptation by altering the size and position of the mitral annulus ( Otsuji , et al . , 1997

to apical and lateral distraction of the papillary muscles tethering the mitral leaflets causing central regurgitation owing to failure of coaptation during systole of the anatomically normal leaflets7 ( Fig . 45 - 1leadsto apical and lateral distraction of the papillary muscles tethering the mitral leaflets causing central regurgitation owing to failure of coaptation during systole of the anatomically normal leaflets7 ( Fig . 45 - 1