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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

the extreme breathlessness ad peripheral muscle fatiguepreventpatients with severe COPD from exercising at higher intensities

Physical inactivityleadsto quadriceps muscle­ weakness in patients with advanced COPD

Breathlessness on exertion ... in turnleadsto reduced physical activity in patients with COPD [ 138

poor muscle oxidative capacitymay influenceexercise tolerance in patients with COPD

Pulmonary rehabilitation is knownto leadto improved exercise performance in patients with COPD

Factorscontributingto poor exercise tolerance in patients with COPD

the change in the breathing pattern ... the simultaneity of afferent and efferent muscle stimulicould causerespiratory muscle asynchrony during unsupported upper limb exercise in patients with COPD

oxygen therapycan leadto an improvement grading exercise endurance in patients with COPD

Furthermore , the delayed recovery of dynamic hyperinflation has important clinical implicationsdesigningrehabilitative exercise training regimes for patients with severe COPD

no drug or other therapy available in the USAis designedexpressly to increase exercise tolerance in COPD patients

in dynamic hyperinflation in patients with moderate to severe obstructionresultedin dynamic hyperinflation in patients with moderate to severe obstruction

physical inactivity or limited ambulation leading to less chance to receive bright light from outdoor activities in addition to potentially nodding off during the daymay causephysical inactivity or limited ambulation leading to less chance to receive bright light from outdoor activities in addition to potentially nodding off during the day

in energy expenditureresultsin energy expenditure

to thoracoabdominal dyssynchrony and dyspnoea within a shorter period of time and at a lower V′O2 than leg exerciseledto thoracoabdominal dyssynchrony and dyspnoea within a shorter period of time and at a lower V′O2 than leg exercise

him or her to experience less shortness of breath when performing cardiovascular exercisewill leadhim or her to experience less shortness of breath when performing cardiovascular exercise

in a significant improvement in exercise capacity after 2 monthsresultedin a significant improvement in exercise capacity after 2 months

in fewer exacerbations ... or at least in less severe exacerbations ... meaning exacerbations with a shorter duration or exacerbations without the necessity for hospital admissionmay resultin fewer exacerbations ... or at least in less severe exacerbations ... meaning exacerbations with a shorter duration or exacerbations without the necessity for hospital admission

to an acutely significant increase in exercise duration , with lower TcPCO2 and a reduced sensation of dyspneacan leadto an acutely significant increase in exercise duration , with lower TcPCO2 and a reduced sensation of dyspnea

to a better oxygen saturationledto a better oxygen saturation

the benefits(passive) caused bythe benefits

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