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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

colonization by bark beetlesleadsto tree death

attacks from other bark beetles specieswill ... leadto tree death

The disease causes leaf loss and crown dieback in affected treesoften leadingto tree death

Common construction practices ... root damageleadsto tree death

Some phloem - eating bark beetles ... in some casescontributeto tree death

the spread of mountain pine beetles(passive) caused byTree death

This fungal infestationusually resultsin tree death

bark beetles , which are smaller than a grain of rice(passive) caused bytree death

Some phloem - eating bark beetles ( phloeophages ... in some casescontributeto tree death

Repeated damagecan leadto tree death

damage by the mothleadsto tree death

The stress of this damagecan frequently causetree death

storm damagecan causetree death

sufficient damageto resultin tree death

the tree ... damage / diseasecan leadto tree death

Root damage results in poor tree growth and girdlingcan resultin tree death

This chronic , rarely serious disease ... is not knownto causetree death

symptoms of stem girdling rootsleadto tree death

leaf loss and crown dieback in affected trees and affected treescan leadto tree death

Pinecone beetlescausetree death

Infection in some casescan leadto tree death

It causes leaf loss and crown dieback in affected trees , with lesions on the barkusually leadingto tree death

the damage to the trees by the beetles alone ... sufficientto causetree death

Damage to trunks , branches , and rootscan eventually leadto tree death

This lowers the defences of trees , opening them up to attack from insect pests such as the pine weevil , bark beetles , wood boring beetles and a wide range of root and leaf feeders , all of which affect tree growthsometimes leadingto tree death

insect infestation and disease in the western U.S.(passive) caused byTree deaths

Pine beetles ( Dendroctonus sppcausetree death

Repetitive damage to the barkwill leadto tree death

Extensive larval damagecan leadto tree death

Cause tree damagecausedtree death

the tree ... winter damagecould leadto tree death

Girdling cankershad causedtree death

very little damage ... the larval stagecausestree death

The loss of vital roots and their uptake of water and dissolved nutrientscan resultin tree death

Wilt Oak wilt ... a systemic fungal diseaseresultsin tree death

global warming(passive) caused bytree death

Pine cone beetlescausetree death

Severe dieback , and multiple main stem cankerseventually resultsin tree death

Repeated attacks on declining treescan leadto tree death

more symptoms of drought stress and other insect / disease problems combiningto causetree death

random tree fall gaps(passive) caused byrandom tree fall gaps

Canopy gaps(passive) caused byCanopy gaps

to trees falling and creating gaps in the canopyleadingto trees falling and creating gaps in the canopy

gaps in the stand which would then allow other species to invadewould creategaps in the stand which would then allow other species to invade

forest deathcausesforest death

a positive feedback loop for peat bog expansion at the expense of woodlandscauseda positive feedback loop for peat bog expansion at the expense of woodlands

to hazards like fallen or cracked treescan leadto hazards like fallen or cracked trees

shelterbelts(passive) caused byshelterbelts

to Californiacontributedto California

from climate change and diseaseresultingfrom climate change and disease

to rotting trees releasing over four billion tonnes of carbon dioxideleadingto rotting trees releasing over four billion tonnes of carbon dioxide

canopy openings , blow - downs due to hurricanes or ice storms , snow and ice mechanical weight , as well as pests and diseasescreatingcanopy openings , blow - downs due to hurricanes or ice storms , snow and ice mechanical weight , as well as pests and diseases

a risk of the tree falling in storms or high windswill createa risk of the tree falling in storms or high winds

changes in atmospheric moisture and impact local climates thousands of miles awaycausechanges in atmospheric moisture and impact local climates thousands of miles away

from product misuse , inadequate warnings , persistence in soil and plant material , uptake of the product through the root systems into the plant tissue , environmental factors , potential runoff issues or other causesresultedfrom product misuse , inadequate warnings , persistence in soil and plant material , uptake of the product through the root systems into the plant tissue , environmental factors , potential runoff issues or other causes

from salinity or a lack of floodingis resultingfrom salinity or a lack of flooding

mine water discharge fears Posted November 08 , 2012 12:15:01sparkmine water discharge fears Posted November 08 , 2012 12:15:01

in the removal of thousands of acres of citrus worldwidehas resultedin the removal of thousands of acres of citrus worldwide

in tree losses exceeding 10 %resultingin tree losses exceeding 10 %

a Critter page 25 4Createa Critter page 25 4

from established pathogensresultingfrom established pathogens

after several years of declinecan resultafter several years of decline

from phloem necrosis below the graft union of infected scions on sour orange ( Citrus aurantium L. ) rootstockresultingfrom phloem necrosis below the graft union of infected scions on sour orange ( Citrus aurantium L. ) rootstock

to the eventual release of stored C. In estimating the net amount of C sequestered by the urban forestleadsto the eventual release of stored C. In estimating the net amount of C sequestered by the urban forest

in large quantities of needles that had already fallen to the groundresultingin large quantities of needles that had already fallen to the ground

from Elizabeth Craftssetfrom Elizabeth Crafts

from insect infestation within a changing forested land - cover and with insufficient amount of tree infestation data [ 35,37 ] and mountain pine beetle propagation [ 38resultingfrom insect infestation within a changing forested land - cover and with insufficient amount of tree infestation data [ 35,37 ] and mountain pine beetle propagation [ 38

to even bigger problems for property ownerscan leadto even bigger problems for property owners

stillsparksstill

the gap(passive) created bythe gap

from gold paper adhere to top of tree using Clear Double Sided Adhesivesetfrom gold paper adhere to top of tree using Clear Double Sided Adhesive

the wand out ofcreatedthe wand out of

from PTSLresultingfrom PTSL

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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