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the formation of a customs union(passive) is created byTrade creation Trade creation
The elimination of tariffswould createtrade trade creation
A low demand for C ’s products and a high demand for those produced in the customs unionwill causetrade creation
removal of protectionist measures like tariffs and quotas(passive) is caused byTrade Creation
a single European marketis created“ trade creation
creative destructions(passive) may be led byTrade creation
various factors besides the reduction in tariff rates(passive) would be caused bytrade creation
No tariffs , as well as cheaper imports , changes the flow of tradecausingtrade creation
in health(passive) can be triggeredcreation trade
a free trade agreementwould causea trade creation
trade diversion results in a welfare losscontributestrade diversion results in a welfare loss
to a net trade diversion and hence welfare lossleadingto a net trade diversion and hence welfare loss
a net welfare gain for country X. Trade diversioncausesa net welfare gain for country X. Trade diversion
due to the preferential tariff on the list of FTA associates and trade diversion is generated simultaneouslyis createddue to the preferential tariff on the list of FTA associates and trade diversion is generated simultaneously
to domestic production being replaced by imports ... but also see goods from other countries , such as the US , getting replaced by cheaper rivals from China and Vietnamwill leadto domestic production being replaced by imports ... but also see goods from other countries , such as the US , getting replaced by cheaper rivals from China and Vietnam
economic welfare bybringing in imports and increasing the consumer surplus for the importing countrycreateseconomic welfare bybringing in imports and increasing the consumer surplus for the importing country
in imports displacing less efficient local production and/or expanding consumption that was previously thwarted by artificially high prices due to protectionresultsin imports displacing less efficient local production and/or expanding consumption that was previously thwarted by artificially high prices due to protection
consumption to shift from a high - cost producer to a low - cost onewill causeconsumption to shift from a high - cost producer to a low - cost one
from formation of custom unions and common marketsresultingfrom formation of custom unions and common markets
more benefits for the consumers in terms of increased options for more efficiently produced goodscreatesmore benefits for the consumers in terms of increased options for more efficiently produced goods
an efficiency gain resulting from a free - trade areacreatesan efficiency gain resulting from a free - trade area
in an increase in the level of productivity of the manufacturing sector of between 5.1 % and 7 %resultedin an increase in the level of productivity of the manufacturing sector of between 5.1 % and 7 %
in a net economic gainresultsin a net economic gain
from the SADC FTAresultsfrom the SADC FTA
The expectations of growth(passive) caused byThe expectations of growth
from RTAsresultingfrom RTAs
to advantagesleadsto advantages
from the “ Commonwealth effectresultingfrom the “ Commonwealth effect
from the DDAresultingfrom the DDA
from a common currencyresultingfrom a common currency
positively to welfare in the home countrycontributespositively to welfare in the home country