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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

neededto influenceamerican tax havens

these types of differencescan causetax inefficiencies

was neededto influenceeuropean tax havens

to close(passive) are setLE tax havens

when a taxpayer appropriately files their tax return(passive) are causedTax underpayments

business - to - business servicescausestax pyramiding

oil smuggling(passive) caused bytax leakages

dividend distribution(passive) caused bytax leakages

Non - compliancecausestax leakages

it necessaryto influenceeu taxation havens

neededto influenceeu taxation havens

No oneinventedtax heavens

WHT(passive) caused bytax leakages

service errorcausingtax shortfalls

out ... the Canada Revenue Agency ( CRA(passive) set ... bytax receipting

during August(passive) are normally setTax levies

the IMF and the World Bank and used by EU - based multinationals(passive) designed byTax loopholes

out ... the Canadian tax authority(passive) set ... bytax receipting

offshore companies and shell corporationssetup in tax havens

many of these foreign parent companiesare setup in tax havens

companies and trustssetup in tax havens

out ... the Federal and Provincial tax authorities(passive) set ... bytax receipting

Offshore companiessetin tax havens

Tax havens Searchresultsfor : ' Tax havens

shell companiessetup in tax havens

some companiessetup in tax havens

companiessetup in tax havens

companiessetin tax havens

companiesleadingto tax havens

high taxes(passive) are caused byTax havens

paper companiessetas tax havens

foreign fundssetup in tax havens

even countriessettingas tax havens

under foreign laws(passive) are designedThese tax havens

An ethical tax expert sayssetup in tax havens

screen companieswere setup in tax havens

While the UK claimscan ... influencetax havens

the vesting of certain stock compensation(passive) caused bytax windfalls

Investmentstypically originatingin tax havens

investmentsoriginatingin tax havens

to political partiesto contributeto political parties

to political parties in their home countryto contributeto political parties in their home country

at a lower rate or not at allare setat a lower rate or not at all

to the income tax basedon?t contributeto the income tax base

taxesdesignedtaxes

a steep qualitycould causea steep quality

the systemic damage(passive) caused bythe systemic damage

higher middle class taxescausehigher middle class taxes

higher middle class taxescausehigher middle class taxes

in the companyresultin the company

to increased government indebtednessleadto increased government indebtedness

to the recoveryto contributeto the recovery

from the cancellation of stock options previously issued pursuant to our equity incentive plansresultingfrom the cancellation of stock options previously issued pursuant to our equity incentive plans

how s that tax havens ... out to create structures whose only use is to subvert the taxation and regulatory systems of other countriessethow s that tax havens ... out to create structures whose only use is to subvert the taxation and regulatory systems of other countries

in lower taxesresultin lower taxes

tighter cash conditions(passive) caused bytighter cash conditions

to corporate tax revenue lossesleadsto corporate tax revenue losses

Loss of tax revenue(passive) caused byLoss of tax revenue

Loss of tax revenue(passive) caused byLoss of tax revenue

The loss of tax revenue(passive) caused byThe loss of tax revenue

to an increase in inequality , not just between rich and poor countries but among their citizens as wellcontributeto an increase in inequality , not just between rich and poor countries but among their citizens as well

in revenue lossescausein revenue losses

harm , some big businesses and wealthy individualscausedharm , some big businesses and wealthy individuals

to revenue losses for developing countries of at least US$ 50 billion a yearhave contributedto revenue losses for developing countries of at least US$ 50 billion a year

in an increased loss of tax revenuesresultedin an increased loss of tax revenues

to the crisis Tax Justice Networkcontributedto the crisis Tax Justice Network

their related parties or non - related parties to avoid taxescausetheir related parties or non - related parties to avoid taxes

a loss of tax revenues to governmentscausea loss of tax revenues to governments

poverty - Tax Justice Networkcausepoverty - Tax Justice Network

revenue(passive) caused byrevenue

to increase inequality in the world ... and do soare ... designedto increase inequality in the world ... and do so

to attract wealthy investorsare ... designedto attract wealthy investors

in capitalresultin capital

alsohave ... contributedalso

out to create structures whose only use is to subvert the taxation and regulatory systems of other countriessetout to create structures whose only use is to subvert the taxation and regulatory systems of other countries

other countriescan influenceother countries

tax revenue(passive) caused bytax revenue

tax revenue(passive) caused bytax revenue

to double taxation for some corporationswould leadto double taxation for some corporations

flight of moneyleadflight of money

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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