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Smart Reasoning:

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

orderto preventtail biting among the undocked pigs

poor living conditions January 16(passive) triggered byincreased pig tail - biting

competition at the feedercan causepigs to tail bite

done under veterinary advise on most indoor pig farms as best practiceto preventtail biting amongst older pigs

multiple preventive measuresto preventtail biting in slaughter pigs

the impact of tail docking as a management procedureto preventtail biting in piglets

Keysto preventtail biting12:58 Tail biting in pigs

BAOFF Back - Off ... which is indicatedto preventtail biting and fighting in pigs

Itcan ... to helppreventtail biting amongst pigs

an effective and animal welfare - friendly measureto preventtail biting in pigs

the birds ... to helppreventtail biting amongst pigs

determining appropriate enrichmentto preventtail biting in pigs

Early intervention with enrichmentcan preventtail biting outbreaks in weaner pigs

the use of different environmental enrichment optionsto preventtail - biting in pigs

to perform tail docking due ineffective other methodsto preventpigs from tail biting

The confinement and lack of stimulation , combined with the stress from living in their own wastecan causethe pigs to start tail biting

how they can assist operatorsto preventtail biting pigs

hormonal odorstriggertail biting in piglets

Other factorsmay contributeto tail biting in pigs

The first use of Bitrex simply as a taste aversive was in a creamto preventtail - biting in pigs

Tail docking ... a routine management practicepreventstail biting among pigs

Slatted floors without bedding , low - salt diets , and low - iron soil seemto promptpigs to start tail biting

no single factorcausespigs to begin tail biting

Paradigm shift on the topic of tail biting Paradigm ... no safe , repeatable , and therefore sustainable solutionto preventtail biting in pigs

in serious injury or infectioncan resultin serious injury or infection

to serious injury and hence welfare problemscan leadto serious injury and hence welfare problems

from stress or discomfortresultsfrom stress or discomfort

the misery(passive) caused bythe misery

the often serious , on - going welfare problems(passive) caused bythe often serious , on - going welfare problems

pigs pain and stresscausespigs pain and stress

in tail lesionsresultsin tail lesions

a lot of people in the industrycausesa lot of people in the industry

considerable economic loss to pork producers and major complications for the welfare of pigscan causeconsiderable economic loss to pork producers and major complications for the welfare of pigs

in local infections that ascend the spinal canal and lead to epidural abscesses that can invade and affect vertebral bodiescan resultin local infections that ascend the spinal canal and lead to epidural abscesses that can invade and affect vertebral bodies

the initial state of the convolutional encodersetsthe initial state of the convolutional encoder

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