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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

stenosisresultingfrom stent placement

to improve the immediate and long - term results of balloon expansion of coronary vessels(passive) is designedA stent placement

Subsequent slow retraction of the inserter needleresultedin stent placement

the stent introducer going through the tumor(passive) caused bystent placement

a myocardial infarction in 2007resultingin stent placement

Persistent pain , nausea , vomiting , and/or elevated creatinine levelsshould promptstent placement

vessel injury during stent placement(passive) to be caused bystent placement

Airwaycan resultstent placement

MR - measurable physiologic changesresultingfrom stent placement

measurable properties , including flow and perfusionresultingfrom stent placement

biofilmresultingfrom stent placement

Negligentleadsstent placement

unintentional discontinuance of clopidogrel(passive) provoked bystent placement

in further complications such as a resultmay resultin further complications such as a result

in stent thrombosis which potentially leads to a strokecan resultin stent thrombosis which potentially leads to a stroke

vascular injury and the expression or release of numerous thrombogenic substratescausesvascular injury and the expression or release of numerous thrombogenic substrates

14669163 Development of Severe Complications(passive) Caused by14669163 Development of Severe Complications

in TIMI flow = 3resultingin TIMI flow = 3

in significantly fewer complications among patientsresultedin significantly fewer complications among patients

coil herniationpreventedcoil herniation

vascular damage(passive) caused byvascular damage

vessel damage(passive) caused byvessel damage

damage to the kidneys or even the arteries in few casescan causedamage to the kidneys or even the arteries in few cases

in fewer cases of restenosisresultedin fewer cases of restenosis

to mechanical injuries that induce substantial local inflammationleadsto mechanical injuries that induce substantial local inflammation

in improvement of the stenosis by 20 % or more with a final residual stenosis of less than 50 % with NASCET measurement criteriaresultingin improvement of the stenosis by 20 % or more with a final residual stenosis of less than 50 % with NASCET measurement criteria

to some unwanted adverse effects and complications , including migration , fragmentation , and stone formationmay leadto some unwanted adverse effects and complications , including migration , fragmentation , and stone formation

restenosis after angioplasty in small coronary arteries Doucet , S. ; Schalij , M.J. ; Vrolix , M.C.M. Favourites : Prevention of distal embolization during coronary angioplasty in saphenous vein grafts and native vessels using porous filter protection Eberhard , G. ; Gerckens , U.to preventrestenosis after angioplasty in small coronary arteries Doucet , S. ; Schalij , M.J. ; Vrolix , M.C.M. Favourites : Prevention of distal embolization during coronary angioplasty in saphenous vein grafts and native vessels using porous filter protection Eberhard , G. ; Gerckens , U.

coil protruding into the parent arteryto preventcoil protruding into the parent artery

in vessel wall injury at the site of balloon expansion or stent deploymentcan resultin vessel wall injury at the site of balloon expansion or stent deployment

in restenosis at a frequency of approximately 20 to 30 %resultedin restenosis at a frequency of approximately 20 to 30 %

immediate recoil but does not completely eliminate restenosispreventsimmediate recoil but does not completely eliminate restenosis

to occlusion of perforating arteries originating from the stented vesselmay leadto occlusion of perforating arteries originating from the stented vessel

infection , blood clots , and bleeding at the site of the stentcan causeinfection , blood clots , and bleeding at the site of the stent

to mechanical injury that induces substantial local inflammation , which stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition , resulting in neointimal thickening and restenosis ( 46,47leadsto mechanical injury that induces substantial local inflammation , which stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition , resulting in neointimal thickening and restenosis ( 46,47

in increased loco regional intraaneurysmal inflammation reaction ( i.e. p = 0.0421 for Il6however ... resultedin increased loco regional intraaneurysmal inflammation reaction ( i.e. p = 0.0421 for Il6

in strong inhibition of vein graft atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic transgenic mice.6 Such stenting effects can also be achieved when gelatin hydrogel was applied , as in the present studyresultedin strong inhibition of vein graft atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic transgenic mice.6 Such stenting effects can also be achieved when gelatin hydrogel was applied , as in the present study

complete denudation of the arterial endothelial surface ... and stent struts may damage the media or penetrate into the lipid core , inducing inflammatory and coagulation activitycausescomplete denudation of the arterial endothelial surface ... and stent struts may damage the media or penetrate into the lipid core , inducing inflammatory and coagulation activity

in 100 % venographic patencyresultedin 100 % venographic patency

narrowing , etcto preventnarrowing , etc

a heart attack(passive) caused bya heart attack

to a reduction in prestenotic portal pressureleadingto a reduction in prestenotic portal pressure

obstructionto preventobstruction

in partial restoration of the vessel lumenresultedin partial restoration of the vessel lumen

a reduction of flow velocity in the aneurysmcauseda reduction of flow velocity in the aneurysm

in significant recanalization of basilar arteryresultingin significant recanalization of basilar artery

in symptomatic improvement in three out of four patients with anastomotic stricturesresultedin symptomatic improvement in three out of four patients with anastomotic strictures

in the stretching of the vessels 1resultingin the stretching of the vessels 1

high shear stresses(passive) created byhigh shear stresses

the additional arterial injury(passive) caused bythe additional arterial injury

in 25 % residual stenosis , which subsequently became symptomatic while the patient was taking clopidogrel ( Plavix ) and aspirinresultedin 25 % residual stenosis , which subsequently became symptomatic while the patient was taking clopidogrel ( Plavix ) and aspirin

in insufficient oxygen delivery devicemay resultin insufficient oxygen delivery device

a dual AXIOS cystgastrostomy and double pigtail cystduodenostomyto createa dual AXIOS cystgastrostomy and double pigtail cystduodenostomy

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Smart Reasoning:

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