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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd .(passive) caused bySoybean rust

the windborne fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi(passive) Caused bySoybean rust

the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi ( H. Sydow & Sydow(passive) caused bySoybean rust

the obligate fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow(passive) is caused bySoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi on stems(passive) caused bySoybean rust pustules

Phakopsora pachyrhizi on petioles(passive) caused bySoybean rust pustules

Phakopsora pachyrhizi in the US(passive) caused bysoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi ... knownto causesoybean rust

the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi ( Figs . 1 and 2(passive) caused bysoybean rust

resistance ... the fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydowcausessoybean rust

Virulence and aggressiveness of Phakopsora pachyrhizi isolatescausingsoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd . & P. Syd .(passive) caused bySoybean rust

the presence of the Phakopsora Pachyrhizi funguscausessoybean rust

the arrival of Phakopsora pachyrhizi , the funguscausessoybean rust

the presence of Phakopsora pachyrhizi , the pathogencausessoybean rust

the biotrophic pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi(passive) caused bySoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi Murithi , H. M.(passive) caused bysoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi on a soybean cotyledon(passive) caused bySoybean rust pustules

the Asian species Phakopsora pachyrhizi(passive) caused bySoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi on soybean in Illinois(passive) caused byDisease)Discovery of soybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi AU - Tukamuhabwa(passive) caused bysoybean rust

the obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd(passive) caused bySoybean rust ,

the obligate fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow , an exotic pathogen in the U.S. Extensive screening of soybean germplasm(passive) is caused bySoybean rust

fungal pathogen , Phakopsora pachyrhizi , ( P. pachyrhizi(passive) caused bySoybean rust

Alternative hosts of Phakopsora pachyrhizi , the funguscausessoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi on the under side of a soybean leaf(passive) caused bySoybean rust pustules

Phakopsora pachyrhizi - November 11 , 2015(passive) caused bysoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi ' , Plant Pathology(passive) caused bysoybean rust

the obligate fungal plant pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi(passive) caused bySoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi on the upper side of a soybean leaf(passive) caused bySoybean rust pustules

Phakopsora pachyrhizi in the Philippines and its wild legume hosts(passive) caused byOccurrence of soybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi ( Young et al . , 2012(passive) caused bysoybean rust

the obligate parasitic fungi Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae(passive) is caused bySoybean rust

Two fungal species , Phakopsora pachyrhizi and P. meibomiaecausesoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi Detected in the State of Campeche on the Yucatan Peninsula , Mexico Ma(passive) Caused bySoybean Rust

two fungal species -- Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae(passive) is caused bySoybean rust

two types of fungi , Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae.[3(passive) is caused bySoybean rust

two different rust fungi : Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae(passive) can be caused bySoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi in Northwestern Argentina Rohousova , I. ; Ozensoy , S. ; Ozbel , Y. ; Volf , P. , 2005(passive) caused bysoybean rust

Phakopsora pachyrhizi and P. meibomiae , the two known fungal speciescausesoybean rust

significant yield losses in soybean in areas where it occurs regularlycausessignificant yield losses in soybean in areas where it occurs regularly

significant yield losses in soybean in areas where areas occurs regularlycausessignificant yield losses in soybean in areas where areas occurs regularly

significant economic losses to soybeans in our environmentcan causesignificant economic losses to soybeans in our environment

soybean yield losses(passive) caused bysoybean yield losses

80 % yield lossesmay cause80 % yield losses

in the continental United States on Nov. 10 , 2004was ... discoveredin the continental United States on Nov. 10 , 2004

significant yield losses of up to 80 percent if the infection starts at early bloommay causesignificant yield losses of up to 80 percent if the infection starts at early bloom

yield losses of 30 - 50 %can causeyield losses of 30 - 50 %

premature defoliation leading to yield losses , fewer pod seeds , a decreased number of filled pods per plant , and early maturitycausespremature defoliation leading to yield losses , fewer pod seeds , a decreased number of filled pods per plant , and early maturity

yield losses of up to 80 percent ... depending on the plant 's growth stage at infectioncan causeyield losses of up to 80 percent ... depending on the plant 's growth stage at infection

premature defoliation leading to yield losses , fewer seeds per pod , decreased number of filled pods per plant and early maturitycausespremature defoliation leading to yield losses , fewer seeds per pod , decreased number of filled pods per plant and early maturity

in Paraguay in 2001 and in Brazil in 2002was discoveredin Paraguay in 2001 and in Brazil in 2002

significant yield losses in Africa and South Americawas causingsignificant yield losses in Africa and South America

yield losses ranging from 10 to 80 %causesyield losses ranging from 10 to 80 %

yield losses resulting in insurance paymentsmay causeyield losses resulting in insurance payments

light yield losses as well in this regionwould ... causelight yield losses as well in this region

more yield losses in Brazil than any other disease in 2006causedmore yield losses in Brazil than any other disease in 2006

in the U.S. in 2004was ... discoveredin the U.S. in 2004

foliar lesions and premature defoliationcausesfoliar lesions and premature defoliation

losses in profitabilitycan causelosses in profitability

8 Figure Defoliation of soybean leaves(passive) caused by8 Figure Defoliation of soybean leaves

Nearer Carolinas - Farm ProgressDiscoveredNearer Carolinas - Farm Progress

a 50 percent yield loss in the southern United States where it ’s warmer , and more than a 10 percent loss in other areas , including Ohiocould causea 50 percent yield loss in the southern United States where it ’s warmer , and more than a 10 percent loss in other areas , including Ohio

estimated losses of yields in the southern United States ranging from 520,000 to 901,000 bushels per year from 2005 to 2007 ( 15has causedestimated losses of yields in the southern United States ranging from 520,000 to 901,000 bushels per year from 2005 to 2007 ( 15

serious concern due to high yield losses from the disease experienced in South Americahas causedserious concern due to high yield losses from the disease experienced in South America

in Brazil during the 2000/01 growing seasonwas discoveredin Brazil during the 2000/01 growing season

loses from 10 % to 90 %can causeloses from 10 % to 90 %

significant economic losses to U.S. soybean growersmay causesignificant economic losses to U.S. soybean growers

billions of dollars in losses including both yield losses and the cost of fungicide applications in South Americahas causedbillions of dollars in losses including both yield losses and the cost of fungicide applications in South America

leaf spots and pustules(passive) caused byleaf spots and pustules

small , raised pustulescausessmall , raised pustules

yield losses due to premature defoliation , fewer seeds per pod and decreased number of filled pods per plantcausesyield losses due to premature defoliation , fewer seeds per pod and decreased number of filled pods per plant

huge losses in other nationshas causedhuge losses in other nations

only minor economic losseshas causedonly minor economic losses

in Georgia » Market to MarketDiscoveredin Georgia » Market to Market

premature leaf losscausespremature leaf loss

any yield loss at this timewould causeany yield loss at this time

yield losses ranging from 10 to 100 % ... documented losses of 30 - 50 % are commoncan causeyield losses ranging from 10 to 100 % ... documented losses of 30 - 50 % are common

losses to the U.S. economy of $ 0.2 to 2.0 billion per yearwould causelosses to the U.S. economy of $ 0.2 to 2.0 billion per year

legions on plants that can lead to premature defoliation and decreased yieldscauseslegions on plants that can lead to premature defoliation and decreased yields

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