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Smart Reasoning:

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

this “ type of educationcreatessocial grant beneficiaries

to provide needed funds for basic needs creation , as well as steady profit for those individuals in the field and their employees(passive) is setSocial funding

to the pensioners(passive) being contributedpoor social grants

for those that really do require assistance to survive(passive) are set asideSocial grants

also(passive) are ... designedSolidaridad grants

Hurricane Katrina(passive) caused bysocial funding

who have lost their cardsresultingin social grants

the governmentcontributedto social grants

the Haas Centerhas createdSocial Impact Grants

to increase in April(passive) are setSocial grants

towards alleviating poverty and when we look at the patterns in household food security , we do think it does relate to the grants , among other thingshave ... contributedtowards alleviating poverty and when we look at the patterns in household food security , we do think it does relate to the grants , among other things

42 % of household income in poor families ... making grants the most important source of income , as wages contribute only 32 %contribute42 % of household income in poor families ... making grants the most important source of income , as wages contribute only 32 %

42 % of household income in poor families ... making grants the most important source of income , since wages contribute only 32 %contribute42 % of household income in poor families ... making grants the most important source of income , since wages contribute only 32 %

a dependency effect(passive) created bya dependency effect

a dependency syndromecreateda dependency syndrome

to economic development as the system allowed people to buy goodscontributedto economic development as the system allowed people to buy goods

to socio - economic development and provide impetus to the establishment of community - owned enterpriseswill contributeto socio - economic development and provide impetus to the establishment of community - owned enterprises

so - called ' dependencywould createso - called ' dependency

a safety net and reduce poverty significantlycreatea safety net and reduce poverty significantly

dependency problems as somehow being official DA policycreatingdependency problems as somehow being official DA policy

perverse incentives , such as people foregoing HIV treatment in order to continue colleting the HIV grant , or pension dependencycreatedperverse incentives , such as people foregoing HIV treatment in order to continue colleting the HIV grant , or pension dependency

in it continuing to do business with CPShas resultedin it continuing to do business with CPS

more than half of the income of the poorest 20 per cent of householdscontributemore than half of the income of the poorest 20 per cent of households

grant beneficiaries receiving full benefit from thempreventsgrant beneficiaries receiving full benefit from them

alsocontributealso

to lowering the poverty level , reducing hunger and promoting labour participation amongst womenhave contributed significantlyto lowering the poverty level , reducing hunger and promoting labour participation amongst women

more than half the income of the poorest 20 % of South African householdscontributemore than half the income of the poorest 20 % of South African households

immensely to the alleviation of povertyhas contributedimmensely to the alleviation of poverty

greatly to reducing poverty in SAhave contributedgreatly to reducing poverty in SA

to consumers ’ income andcontributeto consumers ’ income and

independencecreateindependence

towards alleviating poverty and when we look at the patterns in household food security , we do think household food security does relate to the grants , among other thingshave ... contributedtowards alleviating poverty and when we look at the patterns in household food security , we do think household food security does relate to the grants , among other things

the culture of dependence , as “ unfoundedcreatethe culture of dependence , as “ unfounded

to poverty reduction in the Eastern Cape provincehave contributedto poverty reduction in the Eastern Cape province

to increase 2018 - 02setto increase 2018 - 02

a dependent culture that makes it difficult to take risks in businesshas createda dependent culture that makes it difficult to take risks in business

up and operational by the end of 2017/18 financial yearsetup and operational by the end of 2017/18 financial year

billions of rands into the economycontributingbillions of rands into the economy

low - wage jobs(passive) created bylow - wage jobs

to putting food on the tablecontributeto putting food on the table

and contain the diseaseto preventand contain the disease

to revitalize both the city and the environmentdesignedto revitalize both the city and the environment

complete starvationpreventcomplete starvation

to lapse in 2017is setto lapse in 2017

towards teenage pregnancyare contributingtowards teenage pregnancy

a sense of entitlement and laziness amongst recipientsare creatinga sense of entitlement and laziness amongst recipients

to the jobless population growth in the former South African homelandscontributeto the jobless population growth in the former South African homelands

to incomes all the way to the eighth decilecontributeto incomes all the way to the eighth decile

a lazy nation without appreciating the contribution it makes in decreasing abject povertyare creatinga lazy nation without appreciating the contribution it makes in decreasing abject poverty

unbearable strain on the national budgetcould then causeunbearable strain on the national budget

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Smart Reasoning:

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