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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

Strong shakingmay causeslope failures , including landslides

a productcan influencethe safe performance of an open pit mine slope

underground mining under an open - pit(passive) caused bypit slope deformation and failure

the Roads Departmentto discoverthe slope failure behind the guardrail

Mining activities ... rock mass deterioration and instabilitymay leadto failure both in underground and open pit mines

Mining activities ... rock mass deterioration and instabilitymay leadto failure both in underground and open pit mines

progressive movementscan ... leadto mine slope failure

over - saturationcan causeslope failure ( a slide

conditionscould leadto pit slope failure

waste rockresultsin big holes in open pit mining

by elevated groundwater pressures(passive) caused byslope failures ( landslides

by elevated groundwater pressures during wet winter periods(passive) caused byslope failures ( landslides

coal ... of whichoriginatesfrom the open - pit mining site

this change in the safety factor ... sufficientto causeslope failure

natural factorscan causeslope failure

the factorscausingslope failure

factorscauseslope failure

erosion ... goingto causeslope failure

It is rare , however , for gradual change aloneto causeslope failure

by small earthquakes(passive) caused byslope failure

the effective stressmay ... causeslope failure

the areacan causeslope failure

piping along the fill and natural ground interfacemay causeslope failure

sliding along any slip surfacecan causeslope failure

seepage forcescan causeslope failure

a treecausingslope failure

by human activities such as the operation of an off - road vehicle(passive) caused byslope failure

a potentialto discovera viable open pit mining target

by geomorphological factors(passive) caused byslope failure

by heavy rain(passive) caused by slope failure

heavy rain and so on(passive) caused byslope failure

Seepagemight causeslope failure

Seepagecould causeslope failure

Seepagemay causeslope failure

sheet erosioncan ... causeslope failure

by rainfall infiltration(passive) caused bySlope failure

seepage ... propertiesmay causeslope failure

The eventual resultcausesslope failure

heavy rainfallcausedslope failure

by heavy rainfall(passive) caused byslope failure

costly losses of operation time and productivitycan causecostly losses of operation time and productivity

in landslidesresultedin landslides

to catas trophic slopecould leadto catas trophic slope

major damage to the landscapecausesmajor damage to the landscape

a healthy environment(passive) caused bya healthy environment

to the so - called pit lakes , where a wide range of creatures can be seenleadsto the so - called pit lakes , where a wide range of creatures can be seen

the damages(passive) caused bythe damages

large - scale transformation of land surface , which in turn is a factor causing changes in the natural environment , especially as regards landscapecauseslarge - scale transformation of land surface , which in turn is a factor causing changes in the natural environment , especially as regards landscape

to the destruction of 357 hectares of rich forestwill leadto the destruction of 357 hectares of rich forest

greatlyinfluencegreatly

an underground mine(passive) caused byan underground mine

significant effects to the ecological landalso causessignificant effects to the ecological land

a higher impact on watercausesa higher impact on water

The mine(passive) is designedThe mine

in a large hole , or pit being formed in the process of extracting a mineraloften resultsin a large hole , or pit being formed in the process of extracting a mineral

massive environmental degradationwould ... causemassive environmental degradation

environmental devastationcould causeenvironmental devastation

in more waste and lower mined gradeswould resultin more waste and lower mined grades

deforestationcausesdeforestation

to environmental degradationcan contributeto environmental degradation

e.g. , environmental damage(passive) caused bye.g. , environmental damage

a bigger impact on watercausesa bigger impact on water

the most common environmental concern(passive) caused bythe most common environmental concern

mass destruction of surface resourcescausesmass destruction of surface resources

changes to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surfacecauseschanges to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface

a more direct environmental impact through deforestation , drainage of peat and wetland , and blasting of rockcausesa more direct environmental impact through deforestation , drainage of peat and wetland , and blasting of rock

major damage to the land and oceancausemajor damage to the land and ocean

changes to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow pathscauseschanges to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow paths

changes to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow pathscauseschanges to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow paths

changes to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow pathscauseschanges to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow paths

usuallyresultsusually

changes to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow paths.[4causeschanges to vegetation , soil , and bedrock , which ultimately contributes to changes in surface hydrology , groundwater levels , and flow paths.[4

wide - spread devastation(passive) caused bywide - spread devastation

to loss of sagebrush Artemisialeadsto loss of sagebrush Artemisia

in the pollution of the ecosystem and much needed groundwater for the harvestwould resultin the pollution of the ecosystem and much needed groundwater for the harvest

to the destruction of 357 hectares of rich forest , including 128,000 treeswill leadto the destruction of 357 hectares of rich forest , including 128,000 trees

and built in Peoriadesignedand built in Peoria

a mass amount of land to be ruined by digging a crater into the Earthcausesa mass amount of land to be ruined by digging a crater into the Earth

the environmental and economic harms(passive) caused bythe environmental and economic harms

to the permanent destruction of the historical site at Mes Aynakwould leadto the permanent destruction of the historical site at Mes Aynak

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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