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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

in the short termcan contributeto increasing public expenditure without an immediate effect on economic growth

The Fed?s abilityto influencethe course of economic growth

a chanceto influencethe course of economic growth

in which the public sector triesto influencethe course of economic growth

access the factorsinfluencepublic expenditure growth in infrastructure

the factorsinfluencepublic expenditure growth in infrastructure

expenditure between the various regimes in Nigeria between 1970 ... access the factorsinfluencepublic expenditure growth in infrastructure

reformsdesignedto curb the growth of public expenditures

an important factorleadingto the relative growth of public expenditure

plansleadto government expenditure growth

Implementation of major infrastructure programs and projectswill also contributeto the growth in government expenditure

increase in GDPcausesgrowth in the government expenditures

suggestingto leadto economic growth public investment

the factorsinfluencepublic expenditure growth

Net exportscontributed positivelyto growth in expenditure on GDP

Net exportscontributed negativelyto growth in expenditure on GDP

the governmentcauseseconomic growth through deficit spending

the early Chinese immigrantsinfluencedeconomic growth in the community

many factors(passive) can be caused byEconomic growth in an area

This helps to curb corruption and the flow of black moneyhas resultedin an increase of economic growth

the needto contributeto the public?s economic growth

the public sector or government spendinghas resultedin the economic growth and the trend in public spending

factorscauseeconomic growth 28 EXPENDITURE MULTIPLIERS

the ageing of the population(passive) caused bythe sharp growth in public spending

to increase their labor participation and social security benefitscan contributeshare in the economic growth

to increase their labour participation and social security benefitscan contributeshare in the economic growth

the underlying deteriorationresultedfrom the rapid growth of public expenditure

Tobacco and fuel import increaseleadsto economic growth & consumption

overinvestment problemsleadtounsustainable economic growth

to slow(passive) was setgrowth in consumer spending

the report saidwill causegrowth in consumer spending

The hospitality sectorledgrowth in consumer spending

A healthy community ... a productive communitycontributesto shared economic growth

a productive communitycontributesto shared economic growth

the economyhave ... contributedto the growth of government spending

the factorshave contributedto the growth in public spending

Several factorscontributeto government spending growth

as long as population trends remain upmight ... resultin overall economic growth

a change in personal wealthinfluencesconsumer spending and economic growth

the cityresultsin overall economic growth

to falling revenueledto falling revenue

to an increase inleadsto an increase in

in higher per capita incomehave resultedin higher per capita income

to debt and crisisledto debt and crisis

to tax hikes , including a wholesale or partial overhaul of Proposition 13could ... leadto tax hikes , including a wholesale or partial overhaul of Proposition 13

in stable priceswill resultin stable prices

to the Deficit Crisis that we now facehas ledto the Deficit Crisis that we now face

the situation we are in nowcausedthe situation we are in now

economic growth and developmentcauseseconomic growth and development

in significant consequences when it is not properly carried outcould resultin significant consequences when it is not properly carried out

the ratio of debt - tax mix ratiocausesthe ratio of debt - tax mix ratio

in whopping billion dollar infrastructure deficitshave resultedin whopping billion dollar infrastructure deficits

to capital accumulationcontributesto capital accumulation

to capital accumulationcontributeto capital accumulation

properlydesignedproperly

to a drop in income of the country?s residentsledto a drop in income of the country?s residents

in increased better educationalresultsin increased better educational

to massive debtleadsto massive debt

to multiplier effectsledto multiplier effects

to commensurate economic growth and other social benefitsleadsto commensurate economic growth and other social benefits

to multiplier effects through its impact on domestic demandledto multiplier effects through its impact on domestic demand

to a private sector share of the total R&D expenditure of as much as 71 percenthas ledto a private sector share of the total R&D expenditure of as much as 71 percent

in more efficient health outcomes?will resultin more efficient health outcomes?

to a sense that public programs are in crisis Congressional budget officedramatically contributingto a sense that public programs are in crisis Congressional budget office

from additional costs associated with the restructuring of the sugar industryresultedfrom additional costs associated with the restructuring of the sugar industry

costs for the economycausescosts for the economy

to social changesleadsto social changes

to an increase in business incomes and that these , in many instances , were going towards investmentwas contributingto an increase in business incomes and that these , in many instances , were going towards investment

to increased company earningscan leadto increased company earnings

to slow because of " slowing growth in disposable incomeswas setto slow because of " slowing growth in disposable incomes

to the debtledto the debt

to stagnationhas ledto stagnation

from every $ 1 spent on child tax creditsresultsfrom every $ 1 spent on child tax credits

This growth in the freight sector(passive) will be led byThis growth in the freight sector

which ... to promoteare designedwhich ... to promote

forth the ideological position favoring shrinking government spending as " less efficient " than private sector spending)--as though the jointly undertaken endeavors of American citizens working together through government were inevitably less good than private spendingsettingforth the ideological position favoring shrinking government spending as " less efficient " than private sector spending)--as though the jointly undertaken endeavors of American citizens working together through government were inevitably less good than private spending

to massive debtleadsto massive debt

to higher living standards and rising employmentshould ... leadto higher living standards and rising employment

to an impressive decline in poverty rateshas ledto an impressive decline in poverty rates

crowding out to be detrimentalcausescrowding out to be detrimental

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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