to changes in interspecific interactions among predatorsoften leadingto changes in interspecific interactions among predators

from a catastrophic disturbance both by reducing prey population size and by changing ecological traits of prey individuals such as habitat characteristics in a way that increases the vulnerability of prey species to extinctionresultingfrom a catastrophic disturbance both by reducing prey population size and by changing ecological traits of prey individuals such as habitat characteristics in a way that increases the vulnerability of prey species to extinction

Declining tiger populations(passive) are also caused byDeclining tiger populations

to an increased risk of wolves attacking peopleleadsto an increased risk of wolves attacking people

to significant declines in tiger populations ... and thus population sizes of prey and predators are interdependentcan leadto significant declines in tiger populations ... and thus population sizes of prey and predators are interdependent

to livestock depredation and retaliatory killing of leopards by angry pastoralistsleadsto livestock depredation and retaliatory killing of leopards by angry pastoralists

from overfishingresultingfrom overfishing

to lower prey densities and thus prey encounter rates , or a possible response to the addition of the treatments that for some reason was not exhibited in the other behavioursleadingto lower prey densities and thus prey encounter rates , or a possible response to the addition of the treatments that for some reason was not exhibited in the other behaviours

egg shells of futuregenerations to thincausedegg shells of futuregenerations to thin

to devastationcan ... leadto devastation

trophic niche widening in generalist species , but not in specialists , whichmight causetrophic niche widening in generalist species , but not in specialists , which

or individuallydesignedor individually