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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

a total barrier against high moisture , acidity , bacterial attack or galvanic attackcan contributeto pipeline corrosion

pockets of watercausepipeline corrosion

Condensed watermay causepipeline corrosion

water and salts(passive) caused bypipeline corrosion

self - imposed standards for programs designedto preventcorrosion of pipelines

to remove oxygen from waterto preventpipeline corrosion

after tape intendedto preventcorrosion on the pipeline

focuses investmentsto preventpipeline corrosion

microbial activity and improve the understanding of microbiologically influenced corrosion ( MIC(passive) caused bypipeline corrosion

The compound was used at the siteto preventcorrosion in pipelines

Results from this survey are then usedto preventpipeline corrosion

the various methods usedto preventpipeline corrosion

coatings that are used in the water and oil / gas industriesto preventcorrosion of pipelines

naturally occurring impurities such as carbon dioxide and moisturewould causecorrosion in a pipeline

the pipeline , which is required by lawto preventpipeline corrosion

The water is also treatedto preventcorrosion of the pipelines

The present of water vaporcan causethe corrosion in pipeline

a change in water qualitycausedpipeline corrosion

the presence of free water ... in turncan cause/ enhance pipeline corrosion

a number of different factors(passive) is caused byPipeline corrosion

a host of problems , including : Water dropout from the crude oilcould causepipeline corrosion

the recoating of interior and exterior surfaces of water tanks , and replacement of the cathodic protection systemto preventpipeline corrosion

About 400 gallons of phosphate , which is usedto preventcorrosion in pipelines

Oxygen scavengers may be usedto preventpipeline corrosion

The following problems ... the crude oilcould causepipeline corrosion

corrosion components in water bodies(passive) is caused byCorrosion of water pipelines

the water contained in crude ... sufficientto causecorrosion in the pipelines

A water softening system helpsto preventpipeline corrosion

Municipal well water ... addedto preventpipeline corrosion

water and other liquid and solid contaminantsmay causecorrosion in a pipeline

The metabolites of microorganisms are corrosivecausingpipeline corrosion

valuable components , like oil and natural gas liquids ... impurities , like water , carbon dioxide and sulfurcould causepipeline corrosion

to remove water vapor from natural gas streamsto preventcorrosion in pipelines

Plains All American Pipeline , did n't do enoughto preventpipeline corrosion

the most effective methodto preventcorrosion of pipelines

This method helpspreventpipeline corrosion

microbes in the soil(passive) caused bypipeline corrosion

damage its protective coatingcausingpipeline corrosion

Through the years many different insulation materials have been usedto preventcorrosion in the pipelines

new waysto preventpipeline corrosion

potential spills(passive) caused bypotential spills

most of the spills Plains was cited for(passive) were caused bymost of the spills Plains was cited for

Bodo oil spills(passive) were caused byBodo oil spills

the spills in Bodo , Nigeriacausedthe spills in Bodo , Nigeria

a gas leak(passive) caused bya gas leak

leaks or damage to the pipelinescan causeleaks or damage to the pipelines

to leakage and potentially disastercan leadto leakage and potentially disaster

to leaks or catastrophic failurecan ... leadto leaks or catastrophic failure

dangerous problems , including spills and explosionscan causedangerous problems , including spills and explosions

three oil spills between 2013 and 2015(passive) caused bythree oil spills between 2013 and 2015

the 2013 , 2014 and 2015 oil spills(passive) caused bythe 2013 , 2014 and 2015 oil spills

to the leak that resulted in the blastledto the leak that resulted in the blast

in the leakage of oil and gascan ultimately resultin the leakage of oil and gas

leakage and oil loss(passive) caused byleakage and oil loss

a leak of more than 200,000 gallons of oil ... the worst spill since production began on Alaska ’s North Slope [ see previous postcauseda leak of more than 200,000 gallons of oil ... the worst spill since production began on Alaska ’s North Slope [ see previous post

The spill was thought(passive) to be caused byThe spill was thought

Oil leak at Changquing Oilfield(passive) caused byOil leak at Changquing Oilfield

a rupture(passive) caused bya rupture

two spills in the BP - operated Prudhoe Bay oilfieldcausedtwo spills in the BP - operated Prudhoe Bay oilfield

to an environmental issues consequent of materials leakagemost probably will leadto an environmental issues consequent of materials leakage

an oil spill in 2006causedan oil spill in 2006

the Kalamazoo pipeline spillcausedthe Kalamazoo pipeline spill

to economic loss and severe environmental contaminationcan leadto economic loss and severe environmental contamination

the two spills in the BP - operated Prudhoe Bay field , the largest oil field in the U.S.causedthe two spills in the BP - operated Prudhoe Bay field , the largest oil field in the U.S.

massive Silver Eagle refinery explosion By Amy Joi O'DonoghueDeseretcausedmassive Silver Eagle refinery explosion By Amy Joi O'DonoghueDeseret

to material loss , gas leakage , and interruption in gas supplyleadsto material loss , gas leakage , and interruption in gas supply

oil leakage into the sewage network and poor work conductcausingoil leakage into the sewage network and poor work conduct

in a small spill Aug. 6resultedin a small spill Aug. 6

Santa Barbara Oil SpillCausedSanta Barbara Oil Spill

to a small oil spill this monthledto a small oil spill this month

to a spill in the Prudhoe Bay arealedto a spill in the Prudhoe Bay area

to leaks and rupturescan leadto leaks and ruptures

The December 25 incident ... the worst oil spill on Alaska 's North Slope(passive) was ... caused byThe December 25 incident ... the worst oil spill on Alaska 's North Slope

the MagneScan HR system , which is based on the principle of magnetic flux leakagedesignedthe MagneScan HR system , which is based on the principle of magnetic flux leakage

massive Silver Eagle refinery explosion By Amy Joi O'Donoghue , Deseret Newscausedmassive Silver Eagle refinery explosion By Amy Joi O'Donoghue , Deseret News

> ZHANG Application of Holography in Subsea Pipeline Corrosion Control Oil leak(passive) caused by> ZHANG Application of Holography in Subsea Pipeline Corrosion Control Oil leak

the crack , which caused the spill , in the Kalamazoo Rivercausedthe crack , which caused the spill , in the Kalamazoo River

to a 20,600 barrel oil leak from a Tesoro Logistics LP pipeline in North Dakotaledto a 20,600 barrel oil leak from a Tesoro Logistics LP pipeline in North Dakota

a small hole that allowed oil to seep outmay have createda small hole that allowed oil to seep out

the biggest oil spill in Alaska 's North Slope(passive) caused bythe biggest oil spill in Alaska 's North Slope

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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