to the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated bloodleadsto the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

abnormal blood flow between the aorta and the pulmonary arterycausesabnormal blood flow between the aorta and the pulmonary artery

Patent Ductus Arteriosus Increased pulmonary blood flowcan result Patent Ductus Arteriosus Increased pulmonary blood flow

left - to - right shunting of blood into the pulmonary arterycausesleft - to - right shunting of blood into the pulmonary artery

left - to - right shunting of bloodcausesleft - to - right shunting of blood

in blood flow from the : aortawould resultin blood flow from the : aorta

a continuous heart murmur(passive) caused bya continuous heart murmur

in the abnormal flow of blood from the aorta to the pulmonary artery : a left - to - right shuntresultsin the abnormal flow of blood from the aorta to the pulmonary artery : a left - to - right shunt

to heart failure and deathcan leadto heart failure and death

alsocausesalso

cyanosisleadscyanosis

cyanosismay causecyanosis

Continuous murmurs(passive) are typically caused byContinuous murmurs

problemcausesproblem

additional health problemscausesadditional health problems

increased stresscan causeincreased stress

in serious cardiovascular problems and even deathcan resultin serious cardiovascular problems and even death

an industrial process for recovering copper , which was in used until WWIIinventedan industrial process for recovering copper , which was in used until WWII

in too much blood flow to a newborn 's lungscan resultin too much blood flow to a newborn 's lungs

blood to recirculate to the lungscausesblood to recirculate to the lungs

the pulmonary congestion and heart failure(passive) caused bythe pulmonary congestion and heart failure

to generic invasion of the marketare leadingto generic invasion of the market

excessive bleedingwould ... causeexcessive bleeding

additional health problemscausesadditional health problems

from intersecting patentsleadingfrom intersecting patents

poorly some of the studiescausingpoorly some of the studies

blockbuster drugs to deteriorate rapidly , once a flood of competition enters the marketcan causeblockbuster drugs to deteriorate rapidly , once a flood of competition enters the market

in serious cardiovascular problems and even deathcan resultin serious cardiovascular problems and even death

to deter the entryare ... designedto deter the entry

in antitrust violationsresultin antitrust violations

to deter the entry of approved biosimilarsare ... designedto deter the entry of approved biosimilars

to an anti - commonsleadto an anti - commons

additional health problems , if the child is too young for a catheterization , or if the catheterization procedure fails to repair the problemcausesadditional health problems , if the child is too young for a catheterization , or if the catheterization procedure fails to repair the problem

innovators to devote time and resources to inventing around existing patents and/or negotiating multiple licensing agreementscauseinnovators to devote time and resources to inventing around existing patents and/or negotiating multiple licensing agreements

structural heart problems that eventually lead to endocarditis , an infection of the heart where the interlining becomes inflamedcan causestructural heart problems that eventually lead to endocarditis , an infection of the heart where the interlining becomes inflamed

in an import ban on certain deviceswill resultin an import ban on certain devices

in antitrust violations ... asserting that thickets lead to artificially inflated prices caused by monopolistic behaviorresultin antitrust violations ... asserting that thickets lead to artificially inflated prices caused by monopolistic behavior

excessive bleeding while on CPB ... and thus they routinely sought to look for its presence ( and ligate it if observed ) prior to proceeding on with CPBwould ... causeexcessive bleeding while on CPB ... and thus they routinely sought to look for its presence ( and ligate it if observed ) prior to proceeding on with CPB

to mergers between large pharmaceutical companies such as Merck & Co. Inc. and Schering - Plough Corp. Socio - political forces , including the new healthcare reform initiative , economic recession , and increased unemployment levelshave leadto mergers between large pharmaceutical companies such as Merck & Co. Inc. and Schering - Plough Corp. Socio - political forces , including the new healthcare reform initiative , economic recession , and increased unemployment levels