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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

Scientists studying aboard a research ship in the gulfare discoveringhuge underwater oil plumes

beneath the ocean surface(passive) had been discoveredmassive plumes of oil

Scientistsdiscoverhuge oil plumes

Scientistsare discoveringhuge oil plumes

more Scientistsdiscoverhuge oil plumes

by scientists(passive) discovered byhuge plumes of oil

Scientistshave discoveredgiant plumes of dispersed oil

also(passive) can ... be causedOil spills in the water

oil companiescausingoil spills in the country

the first scientiststo discoverunderwater oil plumes

Scientistsdiscover22-mile underwater oil plume

by the Northern Peruvian Oil Pipeline , which at 45 years old is decrepit and at constant risk of rupture(passive) already caused byconcern for oil spills

the Northern Peruvian Oil Pipeline , which at 45 years old is decrepit and at constant risk of rupture(passive) already caused byconcern for oil spills

oil tanker accidentscausingoil spills at sea

Scientistsdiscoveredenormous oil plumes

Scientistsare discoveringenormous oil plumes

Dispersantscausingoil plumes in Gulf

piece handpaintedfeathers oil

by over 100 years of operations(passive) caused bythe cleanup of the oil plume

by theft(passive) caused byNigeria?s oil spills

over 100 years of operations by the oil and gas industry in Greenpoint(passive) caused bythe cleanup of the oil plume

scientistsdiscoveredplumes of oil

Scientistsdiscoveroil plumes

by scientists in the gulf waters(passive) discovered byplumes of oil

by researchers off the BP spill site(passive) discovered by22-mile plume of oil

Scientistsdiscoveroil plume

by the chemicals(passive) caused byOil plumes

accidentscauseoil spills in oceans

train derailmentscausingoil spills into the waters

scientists from several universities working aboard the research vessel Pelican , which sailed from Cocodrie , Louisiana ... on 3 May(passive) were discovered byThe oil plumes

a pump failurecausingoil plume

Environmental damages Poorly maintained , aging pipelines and pipeline sabotage from oil thefthave causedoil spills

accidentscauseoil spills offshore

aging pipelines and pipeline sabotage from oil thefthave causedoil spills

offshore oil drillingcauseddamaging oil spills

both aging pipelines and illegal activity such as oil theft(passive) caused byOil spills

any sort of accidental or natural disaster leading to damage of the oil storing tankers , barges , pipelines , refineries , etc .can causeoil spills

Shell Oil pipelinescausingoil spills

corrosion problems in oil tankers(passive) caused byoil spills

by oil transport and drilling(passive) caused byoil spills

increased clearance(passive) caused byincreased clearance

from the spillresultedfrom the spill

in Gulf 's deep watersdiscoveredin Gulf 's deep waters

in Gulf 's deep watersdiscoveredin Gulf 's deep waters

water pollution killing the sea animalscausingwater pollution killing the sea animals

problems(passive) caused byproblems

a devastating effectcausesa devastating effect

in the Gulf Researchersdiscoveredin the Gulf Researchers

to environmental catastropheleadingto environmental catastrophe

animal to die when they ingest it or encounter itcausesanimal to die when they ingest it or encounter it

animal to die when they ingest it or encounter itcausesanimal to die when they ingest it or encounter it

at about northeast of the wellheadhave been discoveredat about northeast of the wellhead

huge damage to the marine environmentcausehuge damage to the marine environment

nearly a 35 percent oxygen dropcausenearly a 35 percent oxygen drop

from the Deepwater Horizonresultingfrom the Deepwater Horizon

the damage(passive) caused bythe damage

from pipeline or tank breaksoriginatingfrom pipeline or tank breaks

below surfacewere discoveredbelow surface

severe marine environmental damage , including bringing huge hazards to living resources and human beingscan causesevere marine environmental damage , including bringing huge hazards to living resources and human beings

thousands of feet below the surfacewere discoveredthousands of feet below the surface

surfacespaintedsurfaces

to " dead - zonescould leadto " dead - zones

a lot of harm to the underwater communities affected bycausea lot of harm to the underwater communities affected by

the ground to become toxic and this constitutes a danger to plants and animals who feed on these materialscausethe ground to become toxic and this constitutes a danger to plants and animals who feed on these materials

hypothermia or drowningcauseshypothermia or drowning

to their being standardized for other types of ships including oil tankers by the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships or MARPOL Conventionledto their being standardized for other types of ships including oil tankers by the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships or MARPOL Convention

to double hulls being standardized for other types of ships including oil tankers by the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships or MARPOL Conventionledto double hulls being standardized for other types of ships including oil tankers by the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships or MARPOL Convention

to double hulls being standardized for oil tankers and other types of ships including by the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships or MARPOL Conventionledto double hulls being standardized for oil tankers and other types of ships including by the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships or MARPOL Convention

grave environmental and economic damage to marine and coastal ecosystemscan causegrave environmental and economic damage to marine and coastal ecosystems

the environmental damage(passive) being caused bythe environmental damage

marine and coastal damage(passive) caused bymarine and coastal damage

in both immediate and long - term environmental damageresultin both immediate and long - term environmental damage

in both immediate and long - term environmental damageoften resultin both immediate and long - term environmental damage

to ocean pollution causing a great effect on marine wildlifecontributeto ocean pollution causing a great effect on marine wildlife

pollution and environmental damage(passive) caused bypollution and environmental damage

damage to the marine environment and the communities that depend on resources from the seacausedamage to the marine environment and the communities that depend on resources from the sea

from the proposed pipelinecould resultfrom the proposed pipeline

to loss of several millions of oil barrels , most of which are caused by sabotage , tanker accident , etchas ledto loss of several millions of oil barrels , most of which are caused by sabotage , tanker accident , etc

oil contamination of landcauseoil contamination of land

long - term environmental damagecan causelong - term environmental damage

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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