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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

one outlying observationcan causebias in the OLS estimates

Endogeneitycausesinconsistency of the usual OLS estimates

A few outliers ( stray observations generated by a different processcan strongly influencethe OLS estimates

longitudinal strategies of book top 10 areto preventmultivariate estimates

one or several observations(passive) are influenced byOLS estimates

Misspecification of these groupswill createbias in the OLS estimates

These slightly high correlationsmight eventually causeproblems of multicollinearity in the regression estimates

endogenous variableswill resultin inconsistent OLS estimates

the standard deviationcausesthe skewness in PWL estimates

how likely the most likely outcome really isto influenceSPERT ’s probabilistic estimates

in “ incorrect ” signsoccasionally resultingin “ incorrect ” signs

correcting errors(passive) caused bycorrecting errors

to biased results for the efficiency parameterwould leadto biased results for the efficiency parameter

to bias estimates due to endogenous nature of the efficiency scorecould ... leadto bias estimates due to endogenous nature of the efficiency score

to the underestimation of the impact of aid flows on economic growth as they do not correct the endogeneity biasto leadto the underestimation of the impact of aid flows on economic growth as they do not correct the endogeneity bias

to take account of the serial correlation in based on the Bartlett kerneldesignedto take account of the serial correlation in based on the Bartlett kernel

to major problemscan leadto major problems

to graduated central mortality rates in age – period – cohort effects : defined in the rectangular DEBFleadingto graduated central mortality rates in age – period – cohort effects : defined in the rectangular DEBF

to above order items ( ICUscomposedto above order items ( ICUs

1 million unique instances of the OS each monthcreate1 million unique instances of the OS each month

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