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in which data is collectedto preventmeasurement bias
orderto preventmeasurement bias
where the fashion is collectedto preventmeasurement bias
the blending of health and function concepts in the SF-36.Copyright 2010 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine(passive) caused bymeasurement bias
an operator remembering a previous measurement and consciously or unconsciously adjusting the next measurement to match(passive) caused bypotential measurement bias
No bliniding during data collectionmay leadto measurement bias
this approach ... different DCS typesresultsfrom measurement bias
Deletion of cases with missing datamight have resultedin measurement bias
Some collected information ... self - reportingmay resultin measurement bias
behavioral data obtained through caregiver reportsmay causemeasurement bias
inconsistent operational definitions or data collection procedures(passive) Caused byMeasurement bias
an exposure variable , an outcome variable , or a confounder variablecan leadto measurement bias
Utilisation of an inappropriate data collection method , of a structured questionnairemay have resultedin measurement bias
a prior descriptive and statistical comparison between both discharge data sets ... processormay resultin measurement bias
the absence of echocardiographic data , the potential for residual confounding by some CKD risk factors ( e.g. hypertension , diabetes ) , the availability of only 1 measurement of ACR and cystatin C ,could leadto measurement bias
the possible error sourcescausingbiased measurement
DIFcausesbias in measurements
internal sensor offsets or environmental effects(passive) can be caused byMeasurement bias
the findings of some of the studies in respect of maternal weight or body mass measurement ... the method and timing of when BMI was measured or recordedcould have resultedin measurement bias
many sources of errorcan leadto measurement bias
incompatibility between an arbitrary tolerance set for the calibration of a pipe prover and the achievable uncertainty in measurement when determining the prover volume ... practicesmay resultin measurement bias
incompatibility between an arbitrary tolerance set for the calibration of a pipe prover and the achievable uncertainty in measurement ... practicesmay resultin measurement bias
rise to wrong results ... in turnleadsto measurement bias
the image pattern recognition(passive) may be caused bya measurement bias
two sources(passive) caused bymeasurement biases
A.1 ... a Gaussian profileleadsto the measurement bias
noise(passive) caused bymeasurement bias ,
the measurement ... the measurement scalecausesmeasurement bias
Subjective scores were usedmay leadto measurement bias
the measured volumemay resultin measurement bias
such things as the " urban heat island " effect(passive) caused bymeasurement biases
a lack of accurate , systematic recording and reporting of all cases of suicidemight leadto measurement bias
The systematic errorsresultin measurement bias
unmasked blindingresultingin measurement bias
measuring the income inequality error and ignoring some relevant variables , leading to invalid estimates(passive) caused bymeasurement bias
the sensor clock drift(passive) caused bythe nonnegligible measurement bias
inaccurate responses(passive) is caused byMeasurement bias
This two step method of controlling proof mass balance ... couplingcontributesto measurement bias
analyzer responses ... the calibration proceduremay causemeasurement bias
The use of a single , less experienced observermay have causeda measurement bias
the study resultscan influencethe study results
to the assumption of significant associations in the current literature ... as most studies used short or abbreviated ( yet validate ) forms of Big Five instrumentscould have ledto the assumption of significant associations in the current literature ... as most studies used short or abbreviated ( yet validate ) forms of Big Five instruments
false interpretations and are difficult to control [ 20 ] , especially for performance [ 21can causefalse interpretations and are difficult to control [ 20 ] , especially for performance [ 21
to a performance analysis that either over - states an effect or even yields an incorrect conclusioncan leadto a performance analysis that either over - states an effect or even yields an incorrect conclusion
from using a measurement method that is unlikely to produce a result that represents what it purports to represent , such as a method that consistently produces results that understate or overstate the item in questionresultsfrom using a measurement method that is unlikely to produce a result that represents what it purports to represent , such as a method that consistently produces results that understate or overstate the item in question
inaccuracies in the measurements taken in the experimentcan causeinaccuracies in the measurements taken in the experiment
from the operation of the measurement devicesresultingfrom the operation of the measurement devices
from high inflation and the use of an indirect method of measuring the equity finance variable ( Singh , 1995resultingfrom high inflation and the use of an indirect method of measuring the equity finance variable ( Singh , 1995
when measured values are consistently either higher or lower than the true value of the process variable and is often attributed to improper installation and/or miscalibration of the measuring deviceresultswhen measured values are consistently either higher or lower than the true value of the process variable and is often attributed to improper installation and/or miscalibration of the measuring device
to inaccurate measurements and inaccurate research findingsleadsto inaccurate measurements and inaccurate research findings
to the situation where the mean of many separate measurements differs significantly from the actual value of the measured attributeleadto the situation where the mean of many separate measurements differs significantly from the actual value of the measured attribute
from poorly measuring the outcome you are measuring for exampleresultsfrom poorly measuring the outcome you are measuring for example
from at least one of variation in sampled volume and variation in measurement conditionresultingfrom at least one of variation in sampled volume and variation in measurement condition
such a type of graphmay also causesuch a type of graph
from inadequacyresultsfrom inadequacy
from delays within the satellites and receiversoriginatingfrom delays within the satellites and receivers
the modified wording to produce higher estimates of the behaviorcausesthe modified wording to produce higher estimates of the behavior
to an overestimatecontributeto an overestimate
from weak understanding of the questionsmay have resultedfrom weak understanding of the questions
for watchesresultsfor watches
in misidentifying the prevalence of a condition and result in group differences that may not actually existcan resultin misidentifying the prevalence of a condition and result in group differences that may not actually exist
consumer price indices ( CPIs ) to overstate slightly the " true " rate of inflationtypically causesconsumer price indices ( CPIs ) to overstate slightly the " true " rate of inflation
for facesresultsfor faces
to flawed population forecasts for service needs or resource allocations , as well as misguided research on health disparitiescan leadto flawed population forecasts for service needs or resource allocations , as well as misguided research on health disparities
from deliberate distortionresultingfrom deliberate distortion
to erroneous conclusions about alcohol abuse across race and ethnicitycan leadto erroneous conclusions about alcohol abuse across race and ethnicity
errors in estimating the location of a wireless terminalcan causeerrors in estimating the location of a wireless terminal
The model ... the smoothing of actual extreme values in the simulation and the ignorance of the line of the sun sight for the simulation(passive) can be causedThe model ... the smoothing of actual extreme values in the simulation and the ignorance of the line of the sun sight for the simulation
to erroneous application and interpretation of cut - off scorescan leadto erroneous application and interpretation of cut - off scores
CPIs to overstate the ' true ' rate of inflationcausesCPIs to overstate the ' true ' rate of inflation
from issues to do with diagnostic sensitivity and specificity or other forms of differential misclassification , operator biasresultingfrom issues to do with diagnostic sensitivity and specificity or other forms of differential misclassification , operator bias
from instrument driftresultingfrom instrument drift
from the similarity between MI and blood poolresultingfrom the similarity between MI and blood pool
surprising ” zeros(passive) caused bysurprising ” zeros
to underestimation of the variations of MTR andmay have ledto underestimation of the variations of MTR and
in an incomplete understanding of natural background effluxesresultingin an incomplete understanding of natural background effluxes
from experience , knowledge and perception of riskoriginatingfrom experience , knowledge and perception of risk
from the personal interpretations of risk factors [ 25resultingfrom the personal interpretations of risk factors [ 25
from decision - makingthatresultsfrom decision - makingthat
OLS to underestimate the impact of trade on productivityleadsOLS to underestimate the impact of trade on productivity