intrauterine growth retardationcausesintrauterine growth retardation

fetal neurodevelopmentinfluencesfetal neurodevelopment

to developmental programming in the offspringcan contributeto developmental programming in the offspring

aspects of cognitive function in later lifemay ... influenceaspects of cognitive function in later life

45 % of child deaths(passive) are caused by45 % of child deaths

the epigenetic status of the offspringcould influencethe epigenetic status of the offspring

diabetes and heart diseasecan causediabetes and heart disease

to other problems in latecould leadto other problems in late

to poor fetal growth , low birth weight and poor growthleadsto poor fetal growth , low birth weight and poor growth

in small - for - gestational - age infantscould resultin small - for - gestational - age infants

in low birthweight newbornsresultingin low birthweight newborns

to the birth of babies with low birth weightleadsto the birth of babies with low birth weight

to poor fetal growth , low birth weight and poor growthleadsto poor fetal growth , low birth weight and poor growth

to fetal growth restriction , which increases the risk of neonatal death and for survivors , of stunting by 2 years of agecontributesto fetal growth restriction , which increases the risk of neonatal death and for survivors , of stunting by 2 years of age

to reduction of fetal brain development and subsequently to various intellectual deficitscan also leadto reduction of fetal brain development and subsequently to various intellectual deficits

to adverse pregnancy outcomesleadsto adverse pregnancy outcomes

to poor weight gainleadsto poor weight gain

to poor weight gainleadsto poor weight gain

to severely underweight births with babies vulnerable to disease , disability and infant mortalitycan leadto severely underweight births with babies vulnerable to disease , disability and infant mortality

to low birth weight babiesleadsto low birth weight babies

not only to low birthweight , but alsoleadsnot only to low birthweight , but also

in lower birth weightsresultingin lower birth weights

to several epigenetic alterations in the offspringmay leadto several epigenetic alterations in the offspring

brain damagemay causebrain damage

especiallyleadsespecially

the newborn(passive) caused bythe newborn

the birth of thin fat babiescausesthe birth of thin fat babies

to : 1can leadto : 1

to autismcontributesto autism

to the metabolic disease syndrome later in lifeleadsto the metabolic disease syndrome later in life

the fetal and early life environmentcan influencethe fetal and early life environment

to poor growthcontributesto poor growth

to hepatic dysfunctionleadsto hepatic dysfunction

in intrauterine growth retardationmay resultin intrauterine growth retardation

a generational cycle of undernutrition leading to poor health outcomescausesa generational cycle of undernutrition leading to poor health outcomes

to the growing burden of cardiovascular and other noncommunicable diseases of adults in less developed countriesmay contributeto the growing burden of cardiovascular and other noncommunicable diseases of adults in less developed countries

to adult chronic disorders such as type 2 diabetescan leadto adult chronic disorders such as type 2 diabetes

due to the kind of reproductive cycleresultsdue to the kind of reproductive cycle

to poor growth in uterocontributesto poor growth in utero

prenatal exposure to excessive glucocorticoidcausesprenatal exposure to excessive glucocorticoid