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Blob

Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

a 50:1 dilution of the GABA - containing solution measured after “ blowing out ” the patch(passive) caused bythe liquid junction potential

the potassium aspartate(passive) caused bythe 10-mV liquid junction potential

the −15-mV abscissa shiftresultingfrom the liquid junction potential

the 10 % dilution between the control and the glutamate - containing solution(passive) caused bythe liquid junction potential

the solution change ( +6.9 mV(passive) caused bythe liquid junction potential

a 3 % dilution of the extracellular solution containing glutamate(passive) caused bythe liquid junction potential

the solution exchange(passive) caused bythe liquid junction potential

alteration in Clo−(passive) caused byliquid junction potentials

the −7-mV abscissa shift in the mentioned I - V relationshipsresultedfrom the liquid junction potential

The voltage induced by the diffusion of ionscreatesa liquid junction potential

that of the reference electrode was 0.2 MΩ when filled with agar ( dissolved in 3 M KClto preventthe Cl−-induced liquid junction potential

a 50:1 dilution of thel -glutamate - containing solution ( Lester and Jahr , 1992(passive) caused bythe liquid junction potential

In the concentration range where a significant deviation from the Nernstian response of the liquid - junction potential occurred , the diffusion potential has been demonstratedto contribute significantlyto the liquid - junction potential

the pH difference(passive) caused bya liquid junction potential

No hydrogel , polyelectrolyte , or porous ceramic plugsinfluencethe liquid - junction potential

the least tendencyto causea liquid junction potential

high concentration of hydrogen ions themselves(passive) caused bylarge liquid junction potential

a shift of 8 mV at most for which we did not compensatecauseda shift of 8 mV at most for which we did not compensate

from the substitution of Cl−resultingfrom the substitution of Cl−

at junction 78can be createdat junction 78

fluctuations(passive) caused byfluctuations

an error of 0.5 pH or more ... and require hours to equilibrate ( stop driftingcan causean error of 0.5 pH or more ... and require hours to equilibrate ( stop drifting

at the interface of the reference liquid with the sample liquidcreatedat the interface of the reference liquid with the sample liquid

( “ streaming potentialcreated( “ streaming potential

measurement disturbances(passive) could be caused bymeasurement disturbances

a shift of no more than 10 mV , which was not compensated during mEPSCs recordingcauseda shift of no more than 10 mV , which was not compensated during mEPSCs recording

up at the interface between the plug 48 and the solutionsetup at the interface between the plug 48 and the solution

from a difference in pH.resultingfrom a difference in pH.

the reference potential to change with timecausesthe reference potential to change with time

a small error in the pH measurement , which can be calibrated out by standardizationcausesa small error in the pH measurement , which can be calibrated out by standardization

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Smart Reasoning:

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