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admixture with O. sativa and ecological adaptation Semon , M.(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
hitchhiking(passive) created bylinkage disequilibrium
post - glaciation admixturecreatedlinkage disequilibrium
because population admixture has been knownto createlinkage disequilibrium
Q.What information about recombination frequencies enables scientiststo createlinkage maps?A.
recent popu - lation admixture(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
selection , genetic drift or admixture of populations with different gametic frequencies ( Mueller , 2004(passive) created bylinkage disequilibrium
selection on G6PD in humans AU - Saunders , Matthew A. N2(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
either genetic drift or disruptive selection on epistatic loci ( Futuyma and Philippi , 1987(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
to mutation , selection , and driftcausinglinkage disequilibrium
past natural selection on eyespot size(passive) created bylinkage disequilibrium
introgression and phenotypic selection(passive) created bylinkage disequilibrium
many factors , including selection , the rate of recombination , the rate of mutation , genetic drift , the system of mating , population structure , and genetic linkage(passive) is influenced byLinkage disequilibrium
many factors , including selection , the rate of genetic recombination , mutation rate , genetic drift , the system of mating , population structure , and genetic linkage(passive) is influenced byLinkage disequilibrium
tic as one stop shop background on the Natural SelectionCan CreateLinkage Disequilibrium
selection on G6PD in humans M A Saunders , M Slatkin , C Garner , M F Hammer , and M W Nachman(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
random genetic drift ... whereas , in the present study , the disequilibrium was initially created by the occurrence of a mutation in a single haplotype , which is probably less variable(passive) was caused bythe linkage disequilibrium
when populations are small , and gets shorter as random shuffling between chromosomes breaks it down(passive) is createdLinkage disequilibrium
Ma- binary options channel back factorsinfluencinglinkage disequi-
mutation Eliminated by selection fixation Factors affecting fixation of a polymorphism(passive) Created bylinkage disequilibrium
the rate of recombination ; mutation rate ; random drift or non- > random mating ; and population structure(passive) is ... causedLinkage disequilibrium
The bottleneck involved in the domestication process and more importantly the selection of multi - genic traits encompassing long haplotypes from different chromosomescould causelinkage disequilibrium
that , after reassortment , unattached lineages mass different mutations on dif- ferent segments and store those supplementary mutations together within the lin- eagecreatinglinkage disequilibrium
the mixture of multiple gene pools(passive) created bylinkage disequilibrium
population structure and familial relatedness(passive) caused byLinkage disequilibrium
a low frequency of recombinations between two loci(passive) can be caused byLinkage disequilibrium
keep those new mutations together within the lin- eagecreatinglinkage disequilibrium
While loci were selected across chromosomesto preventlinkage disequilibrium
chromosomal inversioncausinglinkage disequilibrium
selection for resistance(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
A basic assumption of the IBD method ... i.e. , the eventcreatedlinkage disequilibrium
inter - marker occurrence and missing parental genotype information(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
only shared polymorphic sitescontributelinkage disequilibrium
differentiation(passive) created bylinkage disequilibrium
Population bottlenecksfrequently causelinkage disequilibrium
linked selectioncan createlinkage disequilibrium
association mapping ... where it is not easyto createlinkage disequilibrium
sampling(passive) caused bylinkage disequilibrium
to move the # sign outside of the bracketto createlinkage ( lgale
pooling genetically distinct subpopulations , as shown in Chapter 3(passive) can also be created byLinkage disequilibrium
us to describe two new risk haplotypes ( DQA1 * 0101-DQB1 * 0501-TNFa2b1 and DQA1leadingus to describe two new risk haplotypes ( DQA1 * 0101-DQB1 * 0501-TNFa2b1 and DQA1
the difference between causal and marker SNP frequencies , haplotype number , haplotype diversity , and window sizecontributethe difference between causal and marker SNP frequencies , haplotype number , haplotype diversity , and window size
misleading or synthetic associations in genome - wide association studiescan causemisleading or synthetic associations in genome - wide association studies
from natural selection of certain combination of allelesmay resultfrom natural selection of certain combination of alleles
The equilibrium genetic covariance between pairs of characters under correlational selection(passive) is caused byThe equilibrium genetic covariance between pairs of characters under correlational selection
Another difficulty(passive) caused byAnother difficulty
test statistics between markers to be correlatedcausestest statistics between markers to be correlated
from natural selection of a particular combination of allelesmay resultfrom natural selection of a particular combination of alleles
for examplemay resultfor example
to either over- or under - estimation of the true number of eplet mismatches between donors and recipientscan leadto either over- or under - estimation of the true number of eplet mismatches between donors and recipients
The genome - wide effect on allele frequencies in the mixed population(passive) may be caused byThe genome - wide effect on allele frequencies in the mixed population
difficulties to pinpoint the causative genes and variationscreatesdifficulties to pinpoint the causative genes and variations
the accuracy of imputing missing valuesinfluencesthe accuracy of imputing missing values
transcripts in local regions to be highly correlatedcausestranscripts in local regions to be highly correlated
allele frequency changes for markers linked and unlinked to the Plasmodium - resistant loci needs further investigation using empirical and theoretical approachesmay have causedallele frequency changes for markers linked and unlinked to the Plasmodium - resistant loci needs further investigation using empirical and theoretical approaches
alsomay ... causealso
the test statistics and effect size estimates at the tag and causal SNPs to be correlatedcausesthe test statistics and effect size estimates at the tag and causal SNPs to be correlated
ambiguity because many markers can act as proxies for others and complex forms of epistasis are bound to produce havoc in a naive linear model on additive effectscreatesambiguity because many markers can act as proxies for others and complex forms of epistasis are bound to produce havoc in a naive linear model on additive effects
when testing for epistatic interactions between DNA markerscan createwhen testing for epistatic interactions between DNA markers
the correlations with other SNPs in the region(passive) caused bythe correlations with other SNPs in the region
from reduced gene flow due to geographic separationcan resultfrom reduced gene flow due to geographic separation
to extensive correlationsleadingto extensive correlations
to over estimation of genetic variancesleadingto over estimation of genetic variances
correlation(passive) caused bycorrelation
interaction(passive) caused byinteraction
to commonly coinherited haplotypesleadingto commonly coinherited haplotypes
up for MX racingsetup for MX racing
from historical evolutionary processesresultingfrom historical evolutionary processes
a matching OTcl object for each of the C++createa matching OTcl object for each of the C++
the possible bias(passive) caused bythe possible bias
to a 100 Kb haplotype , called H1 , which may contain pathogenic mutations or other genetic variations which increase the susceptibility to PSP.10leadingto a 100 Kb haplotype , called H1 , which may contain pathogenic mutations or other genetic variations which increase the susceptibility to PSP.10
to association of disease MTRF1 risk in tagging SNPs at neighboring genomic loci.16 18 A lot more than 30 % of African Americansleadsto association of disease MTRF1 risk in tagging SNPs at neighboring genomic loci.16 18 A lot more than 30 % of African Americans
to Figure 1leadingto Figure 1
Little ROCK Haplotype AC and Haplotype GT(passive) created byLittle ROCK Haplotype AC and Haplotype GT
identification of causal variantspreventsidentification of causal variants
of blocks of sequence with average size of 7.8 kb and could be used in association studiesis composedof blocks of sequence with average size of 7.8 kb and could be used in association studies
through the history of the populationcreatedthrough the history of the population
genetic effects(passive) caused bygenetic effects
from spurious correlations in laboratory strainsmight have resultedfrom spurious correlations in laboratory strains
in a cross of inbred materialscreatedin a cross of inbred materials