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However , the last two decades has seen the ubiquitous use of insecticides , predominantly pyrethroidscausingwidespread insecticide resistance
mutationscausingstrong insecticide resistance
Continued treatment of successive generations of flies with the same type of insecticidecan causeinsecticide resistance to develop
detoxification mechanismscould leadto insecticide cross resistance
fleashave designedresistance to sure insecticides
The intensification of insecticide use for both public health and agriculture in Africahas contributedto growing insecticide resistance
similar programsdesignedto overcome insecticide resistance
the suspected transfer of resistance genes from crops to weeds(passive) caused byherbicide resistance
Repeated spraying of the same chemicalcan leadto insect resistance to the insecticide
into some GM crops(passive) is designedHerbicide resistance
GMOsDo ... causeherbicide resistance
Resistance Australia - Green peachcausesaphid insecticide resistance
spontaneous mutation of the cytoskeletal protein tubulin(passive) caused byHerbicide resistance
by individual applications(passive) caused bypest resistance
a higher than required dosage , or a sub - lethal dosagemay causeherbicide resistance
Increased selection pressure on field populationscan resultin resistance to insecticides
recently(passive) has also been ... discoveredInsect resistance
by pesticides(passive) are ... caused bypesticide resistance
Repeated exposure of pesticidescauseinsect resistance
metabolic and target - site mutation mechanismsare contributingto insecticide resistance
The widespread use of insecticides to control these disease vectors and other insect pestshas ledto insecticide resistance
insecticide selection pressurewill ... resultin insecticide resistance
insecticidesleadingto insecticides resistance
the increasing problems ... the need for " integrated " control programshave resultedfrom insecticide resistance
excessive and indiscriminate use of pesticides(passive) has mainly been caused byPesticide resistance
the mechanismspromptingpesticide resistance
mechanisms ... specific enzymescontributeto insecticide resistance
Overuse and indiscriminate usecan leadto insecticide resistance
Changes in insect genesleadto insecticide resistance
Australia - Green peachcausesaphid insecticide resistance
on a course - by - course base by excessive insecticide use in time and space and poor insecticide resistance management(passive) is causedInsecticide resistance
the new P450 genes identified heremay contributeto insecticide resistance
some pestshave designedresistance to some insecticides
Continued treatment of successive generations of flies with the same type of insecticidecan causeinsecticide resistance
areashave designedresistance to insecticides
a variety of physiological changes within a mosquito , including structural alterations at the target site of the insecticide , increased activity of enzymes associated with insecticide detoxification , and changes to the mosquito cuticle(passive) can be caused byResistance to insecticides
killing mosquitoes with insecticidesleadsto insecticide resistance
metabolic mechanismsleadingto insecticide resistance
the mechanismscausinginsecticide resistance
many previously - unknown genetic variants within those genescould be causinginsecticide resistance
to resistance developing in the populationwill ... leadto resistance developing in the population
in a decrease in vector longevityto resultin a decrease in vector longevity
With any pest and pesticide interactionwill ... leadWith any pest and pesticide interaction
in increasing vectorial capacity of the insectto resultin increasing vectorial capacity of the insect
a cross - resistance to another related insecticidemay causea cross - resistance to another related insecticide
a decline in vector durabilityto causea decline in vector durability
in reduction of the vectorial capacity of the insect by affecting vector longevity , its infectiousness and change in its behaviourto resultin reduction of the vectorial capacity of the insect by affecting vector longevity , its infectiousness and change in its behaviour
in a decrease in vector longevity , a decrease in infectiousness , or in a change in behaviourto resultin a decrease in vector longevity , a decrease in infectiousness , or in a change in behaviour
insect vector capacityinfluencinginsect vector capacity
to a failure of the control strategycan leadto a failure of the control strategy
vector control decisionswill strongly influencevector control decisions
to eradicate themwere ... designedto eradicate them
from various resistance mechanismsmight resultfrom various resistance mechanisms
in a resurgence of insect pestshas resultedin a resurgence of insect pests
mosquito vectorscausingmosquito vectors
damage to the cropscan causedamage to the crops
concerncausesconcern
a previously effective pesticides no longer effectivecan causea previously effective pesticides no longer effective
to stronger pesticides and higher doseshas ledto stronger pesticides and higher doses
to malaria control failurewould leadto malaria control failure
to malaria control malariawould leadto malaria control malaria
in only more environmental damage being caused than that of conventional agricultureresultedin only more environmental damage being caused than that of conventional agriculture
to improvement in control strategies of this pest in the futurecan leadto improvement in control strategies of this pest in the future
to control failureleadsto control failure
to a significant rise in malaria cases and deathscould ... leadto a significant rise in malaria cases and deaths
to control failures , crop loss , and environmental concernleadsto control failures , crop loss , and environmental concern
to control failuresleadingto control failures
to higher clinical malaria incidenceledto higher clinical malaria incidence
to the problemcould have contributedto the problem
from an absence of target - site gene productresultingfrom an absence of target - site gene product
in farmersresultsin farmers
efficacy to decreasecausesefficacy to decrease
on the problem of controlling this pestcontributeson the problem of controlling this pest
for the problem of controlling this pestcontributesfor the problem of controlling this pest
transmissionwill influencetransmission
transmissionwill influencetransmission
the development of alternative therapieshas promptedthe development of alternative therapies
the failure(passive) was caused bythe failure
the failure(passive) was causedthe failure
alsomight ... have contributedalso