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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

Loss of alveoli in random regions of the lungleadsto increased dead space an increase in

a decrease of blood flow to alveoli that are well ventilated(passive) caused byan increase in alveolar dead space ( VDalv

Low - CO statesresultin increased pulmonary dead - space and

and/or abnormal distribution of pulmonary blood flowcan leadto increased pulmonary dead space

the pulmonary circulationleadingto an increase in respiratory dead space

Reduced cardiac output and/or abnormal distribution of pulmonary blood flowcan leadto increased pulmonary dead space

cardiac output and/or abnormal distribution of pulmonary blood flowcan leadto increased pulmonary dead space

conditionsleadto increased dead space ventilation

End - tidal carbon dioxide levels Reduced cardiac output and/or abnormal distribution of pulmonary blood flowcan leadto increased pulmonary dead space

either(passive) is caused byAn increased dead space ventilation

even before pneumonia becomes severecausesan increase in alveolar dead space

decreased tidal volumeresultingin increased dead space ventilation

An increase of the ventilation - perfusion ratiowill resultin an increase of alveolar dead space

increased ambient pressure causes less efficient gas mixingresultingin increased dead space ventilation

increased ambient pressure causes less efficient gas mixingresultingin increased dead space ventilation

by vascular obstruction(passive) caused byincreased dead space ventilation

increased ventilation - perfusion mismatch ... , andleadingto increased dead space ventilation

Acute PEcausesan increase in dead space ventilation

ventilation of under - perfused alveoliresultingin increased alveolar dead space

This featureresultsfrom both increased anatomical dead space

that the ventilation of underperfused alveolicausingan increase in dead space ventilation

the ventilation of underperfused alveolicausesan increase in dead space ventilation

areacausesan increase in dead space

alveolar distention and collapse of small blood vesselsresultsin increased dead space ventilation

The relative increased ventilation of the upper regionsleadsto an increase in dead space

The diseasescausingincreased dead space

Shallow tidal volumescontributeto greater dead - space ventilation

ventilation of the upper regionsleadsto an increase in dead space

both scenariosleadingto increased dead space

the pulmonary circulationleadsto an increased dead space

the connectorcan causeincreased dead space

Johnson , M. ... the lungresultin increased dead space

The air embolismresultsin an increase of dead space

under - perfused but well - ventilated areas of the lungresultin increased dead space

the inammatory responseresultingin increased dead space

then reinhales from that vesselcausingincreased dead space

onsleadsto an increase in dead space

pulmonary embolimay ... causeincreased dead space

the inhalation tube ... the connectorcan causeincreased dead space

alter ventilation / perfusioncausingan increase in dead space

An impairment of ventilatory efficiency(passive) may be caused byAn impairment of ventilatory efficiency

ultimatelyleadsultimately

Decreased alveolar ventilation(passive) caused byDecreased alveolar ventilation

respiratory acidosis , which can be harmful to the patientcausingrespiratory acidosis , which can be harmful to the patient

the remaining reduction incausesthe remaining reduction in

an acute drop in end tidal CO2causingan acute drop in end tidal CO2

to hypoxemiacontributesto hypoxemia

to an increase in the ventilatory requirement and exerciseleadingto an increase in the ventilatory requirement and exercise

harmcould ... causeharm

V Q related hypoxemia ( Volume 2may causeV Q related hypoxemia ( Volume 2

to arterial hypoxia and hypercapnialeadingto arterial hypoxia and hypercapnia

in arterial hypoxemia and hypercapniaresultingin arterial hypoxemia and hypercapnia

alsomay ... causealso

in very little loss of reagent in the final stroke or at the end of treatmentthus resultingin very little loss of reagent in the final stroke or at the end of treatment

in the height of the outer casecausingin the height of the outer case

rebreathing of carbon dioxide enriched air from the volume 30 when the patient inhales to create changes in the carbon dioxide content of the exhalation ( VCO2 ) and in the end - tidal carbon dioxidecausesrebreathing of carbon dioxide enriched air from the volume 30 when the patient inhales to create changes in the carbon dioxide content of the exhalation ( VCO2 ) and in the end - tidal carbon dioxide

visually to the photocontributesvisually to the photo

less work of breathing , lower ventilation time of patients by ASV mode is reasonable ( 21causesless work of breathing , lower ventilation time of patients by ASV mode is reasonable ( 21

to minimizedesignedto minimize

in decreasing perfusion relative to ventilationresultedin decreasing perfusion relative to ventilation

the whole strategic dismemberment thinginventedthe whole strategic dismemberment thing

false hits(passive) caused byfalse hits

the standardsetthe standard

a buildup of carbon dioxidecausesa buildup of carbon dioxide

to pulmonary hypertensionleadingto pulmonary hypertension

a loss in efficiencycausesa loss in efficiency

a buildup of carbon dioxide and rebreathingcausesa buildup of carbon dioxide and rebreathing

Dead Space 2 and(passive) are setDead Space 2 and

to accelerate weaningmay ... contributeto accelerate weaning

he explainedcould leadhe explained

alsoresultsalso

from the decreased pulmonary vascular pressureresultsfrom the decreased pulmonary vascular pressure

on the areadiscoveredon the area

on the roomdiscoveredon the room

in an arterial - alveolar CO2 difference; that isalso resultsin an arterial - alveolar CO2 difference; that is

in an arterial - alveolar CO2 differencealso resultsin an arterial - alveolar CO2 difference

in hypercapnia , hypoxia and hypoxemiaresultingin hypercapnia , hypoxia and hypoxemia

to an increase in the ventilatory requirementleadingto an increase in the ventilatory requirement

to altered ventilation / perfusion ( V / Q ) ratio with secondary respiratory failure and deathleadingto altered ventilation / perfusion ( V / Q ) ratio with secondary respiratory failure and death

from the drop in peak airway pressureresultsfrom the drop in peak airway pressure

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