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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

the past crisis of the agro - export model of growthledto the institutionalization of import substitution industrialization

the problemscreatedunder import substitution industrialization

a self - supporting nation with a method calledCausedImport Substitution Industrialization ( ISI ) 

direct state investment in the productive sectors(passive) led byimport substitution industrialization

the state Depressionleadsto import substitution industrialization

notably Latin America ... inefficient stateledimport - substitution industrialisation ( ISI

Self - relianceleadsto policies of import substitution industrialization

The build - up of inefficiencyresultingfrom import substitution industrialization

state intervention for neoliberal economic polices(passive) led byimport substitution industrialization policies

opportunities for Chinese direct investment in Russia Kasper Schmeichel Jerseycreatesopportunities for Chinese direct investment in Russia Kasper Schmeichel Jersey

to an increased demand for imported capital goods and capital - intensive intermediate inputsleadto an increased demand for imported capital goods and capital - intensive intermediate inputs

a localized economy protected from international competition by high trade barrierscreateda localized economy protected from international competition by high trade barriers

many countries to the creation of inefficient industries protected from foreign competition that are only exposed to little or no competition in the international markethas ... ledmany countries to the creation of inefficient industries protected from foreign competition that are only exposed to little or no competition in the international market

to some remarkable progressdid leadto some remarkable progress

the distortions(passive) caused bythe distortions

to all kinds of problemshas ledto all kinds of problems

an uncompetitive , capital serious economy , from which the larger part of South Africans were avoided because of racial spatial arrangement and different measurespromptedan uncompetitive , capital serious economy , from which the larger part of South Africans were avoided because of racial spatial arrangement and different measures

an immigration movement from rural to urban areashas createdan immigration movement from rural to urban areas

import- dependent industrial sector , ill - conceived and badly managed projects , exchange controls , tariffs , and so forthcreatedimport- dependent industrial sector , ill - conceived and badly managed projects , exchange controls , tariffs , and so forth

to the creation of under - competitive domestic industrieshas ... ledto the creation of under - competitive domestic industries

a constant capital election , i.e. governments which compete for investors that loan the governments money in the form of buying their bonds moneycreateda constant capital election , i.e. governments which compete for investors that loan the governments money in the form of buying their bonds money

in the build - up of unmanageable foreign debtshad resultedin the build - up of unmanageable foreign debts

to a considerable industrial baseledto a considerable industrial base

across the country to garner greater economic independencewere createdacross the country to garner greater economic independence

to the setting up of such major production industries as Volkswagen , Toyota and Chrysler in Mexico and Brazilledto the setting up of such major production industries as Volkswagen , Toyota and Chrysler in Mexico and Brazil

largely pessimistic results across the continent by the early 1980screatedlargely pessimistic results across the continent by the early 1980s

to make Brazil simultaneously independent of foreign producers of finished goods while also spurring national developmentdesignedto make Brazil simultaneously independent of foreign producers of finished goods while also spurring national development

to an increase in wages that is above the equilibrium level of the markethas ledto an increase in wages that is above the equilibrium level of the market

new opportunities for Capital to provide consensus with the working classcreatednew opportunities for Capital to provide consensus with the working class

in directly unproductive profit - seeking activities and the collapse of the First Republic in 1960resultedin directly unproductive profit - seeking activities and the collapse of the First Republic in 1960

to all kinds of crazy policiesledto all kinds of crazy policies

in greater economic independence for the countrywould resultin greater economic independence for the country

in bumpy cycles of economic expansion followed by sharp recessionsresultedin bumpy cycles of economic expansion followed by sharp recessions

to growing employment opportunitiesledto growing employment opportunities

the narrow industrial enclaves(passive) created bythe narrow industrial enclaves

inefficiencies in Colombia 's manufacturing sector ... inhibited the efficient allocation of resources , employed fewer workers than export industries , and further skewed the distribution of incomecausedinefficiencies in Colombia 's manufacturing sector ... inhibited the efficient allocation of resources , employed fewer workers than export industries , and further skewed the distribution of income

this time(passive) largely led bythis time

out in the 1930ssetout in the 1930s

The opportunities for Chinese direct investments in Russia(passive) are created byThe opportunities for Chinese direct investments in Russia

a modern class of Mexican millionaires who , together with the new class of public bureaucrats , extended old patterns of corruption and flaunted their personal luxuries as symbols of national progresshad createda modern class of Mexican millionaires who , together with the new class of public bureaucrats , extended old patterns of corruption and flaunted their personal luxuries as symbols of national progress

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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