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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

The drugcausesincreased action potential

the rheobaseresultsin one action potential

by the previous action potential(passive) were caused bynondriven action potentials

the previous action potential(passive) were caused bynondriven action potentials

can activate dendritic sodium channelsthereby causingdendritic action potentials

a less negative resting potential ... at whichwill setoff action potentials

the ' voltage - triggered ' ion gatessetoff action potentials

These chemical molecule or ' ligand - triggered ' ion gates ... the ' voltage - triggered ' ion gatessetoff action potentials

This inactivation of the Na channels and activation of K channelsresultin repolarization of the action potential

current injectioncausedfiring of action potential

4 Decreased conductance of sodiumcausesinactivation of the action potential

This inactivation autotraxing the Na channels and activation of K channelsresultin repolarization of the action potential

This blocks the passage of nerve stimulusresultingin inactivation of the action potential

< > p > Slow integrationleadsto persistent action potential

mislocalization of VGSC(passive) caused byimpaired action potential

a persistent inward current or by a reduction in outward K currents(passive) can therefore be caused byProlongation of the action potential

N. Slow integrationleadsto persistent action potential

the major currentscontributingto the repolarization of the action potential

Inactivationcontributesthe repolarization the action potential

which is expectedto causeaction potential prolongation

therefore(passive) can ... be causedProlongation of the action potential

those that firedid ... contributeto the postsynaptic action potential

transmembrane ion channelscausingpropagation of the action potential

by the disease(passive) caused bythe spastic action potential

K+ channels in the sensory neuroncausingbroadening of the action potential

Aconitine open very fast to depolarize the cell membrane potentialcausingthe upstroke of an action potential

the cell membrane potentialcausingthe upstroke of an action potential

by depolarization of membrane C. Graded potentials causes voltage - gated sodium channels to open(passive) is ... caused byAction Potential

a subset of K+ channels in the sensory neuroncausingbroadening of the action potential

the sensory neuroncausingbroadening of the action potential

the currentresultingfrom the regenerative action potential

triggers a large postsynaptic response in distal IN dendriteeffectively resultingin a dendritic action potential

+ + channels opencausingaction potential

channels opencausingaction potential

currents ... a neuronal membranecontributeto the action potential

membrane depolarizationleadingto the action potential

an abilityto originatepropagate action potential

electrical currentscausingaction potential

s of ion channelcontributeto the action potential

ion channelcontributeto the action potential

from an area around the electrode tiporiginatingfrom an area around the electrode tip

calcium currents which produce prolonged action potentials and increased cytoplasmic calcium concentrationscontributing inwardcalcium currents which produce prolonged action potentials and increased cytoplasmic calcium concentrations

to arrhythmiascan leadto arrhythmias

complete contraction of one motor unitcausescomplete contraction of one motor unit

to the release of neurotransmitterwould no longer leadto the release of neurotransmitter

to the release of neurotransmitterwould no longer leadto the release of neurotransmitter

synaptic depressioncausesynaptic depression

to our present - time subjective experiencecontributesto our present - time subjective experience

to the generation of subsequent action potentialscontributeto the generation of subsequent action potentials

the intrinsic cardiac nervous system and the heartinfluencethe intrinsic cardiac nervous system and the heart

to higher Na+ influx into axon , andleadsto higher Na+ influx into axon , and

the intrinsic cardiac nervous system and the heart and other organ systemsinfluencethe intrinsic cardiac nervous system and the heart and other organ systems

neurons to firecauseneurons to fire

in larger calcium transientsresultin larger calcium transients

contractioncausingcontraction

to neuronalcontributeto neuronal

contractionscausecontractions

to muscle contractionsleadingto muscle contractions

the calcium channels to opencausesthe calcium channels to open

an influx of calcium resulting in the release of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleftcausingan influx of calcium resulting in the release of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft

activation of calcium currentcausesactivation of calcium current

the releasecausesthe release

symptomscausingsymptoms

voltage - gated calcium channelscausesvoltage - gated calcium channels

from the decreased outward repolarizing potassium currents , especially transient outward potassium currentsresultedfrom the decreased outward repolarizing potassium currents , especially transient outward potassium currents

another twitchto causeanother twitch

in a postsynaptic depolarizationresultsin a postsynaptic depolarization

firing(passive) caused byfiring

to QT prolongationleadsto QT prolongation

from a decrease in a specific K+ current and an enhancement of the Ca2 + transients elicited by depolarizationresultingfrom a decrease in a specific K+ current and an enhancement of the Ca2 + transients elicited by depolarization

further adaptationcausesfurther adaptation

early afterdepolarizations in a Ca - independent mannercausesearly afterdepolarizations in a Ca - independent manner

to its anesthetic effectsleadingto its anesthetic effects

sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium causessarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium

Ca2 entry through channels nerve terminal post synaptic cell Figure 6causesCa2 entry through channels nerve terminal post synaptic cell Figure 6

influx of Ca2causesinflux of Ca2

influx of Ca2 +causesinflux of Ca2 +

in a contraction of the myocardium ( i.e. , an excitatory stimulationresultingin a contraction of the myocardium ( i.e. , an excitatory stimulation

more calcium to be released from sarcoplasmic reticulumcausesmore calcium to be released from sarcoplasmic reticulum

from change permeability of axonal membrane to ionsresultedfrom change permeability of axonal membrane to ions

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