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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

the same mechanismsleadhindsight bias ... to set people up

the showcausingbias right

an opportunityto influencebias outcome

increasing one 's sense of perceived controlwould leadto greater hindsight bias

what quality control is placed on the wording of the questions ... , and what quality control is placed on participationto influencebias the outcome

rulesdesignedto prevent hindsight bias

the researchwill discoverto counter hindsight bias

by dogma but research and observation and experts not in just philosophy(passive) influenced bybias opinion

6 Content recommendation enginemay causebias opinion

often(passive) is ... causedOverconfidence bias

the presence of an extraneous factor associated with both an exposure under study and a disease outcome(passive) is caused byConfounding bias

designedto setexpectation bias

by its retrospective nature(passive) caused byinevitable bias

The limited subject scope and investigation periodmay causeinevitable bias

side 6 ... I could use itto setantiskating bias

controlcausingconfounding bias

the pretty curves(passive) caused byexpectation bias

confidence levelcan influencehindsight bias

her deep involvement with the drugcould causeunintended bias

this examinationcausedhindsight bias

the same mechanismsleadhindsight bias

the potentialto causeunforeseen bias

by nonrandomized retrospective assignment(passive) caused byconfounding bias

Again , the dominance of the October 2003 storm is very strongcausingapparent bias

These similaritiescan leadto hindsight bias

of three levels(passive) is composedThe hindsight bias

Essential nutrients may promote the development of certain brain functionsthereby causingconfounding bias

I knew it would happenmay have contributedto the hindsight bias

higher case - severity mix at certain types of hospitals(passive) may be caused byconfounding bias

BW on the experiment results expressed with STT(passive) caused byan obvious bias

by potential small - study effects(passive) caused bybias

emotional statescan influenceattentional bias

by the effect of systematic variables whose nature could be determined and values measured(passive) was caused bybias

These two points bothcausecofounding bias

our persistent thoughts(passive) to be overly influenced byAttentional bias

financial or personal relationships with other persons or organizationsinfluencebias

by two other variables , one a cause of the exposure , the other a cause of the outcome(passive) is caused bybias

financial or personal relationships with other people or organizationsinfluencebias

by the variation in the sample sizes across studies(passive) caused bybias

by selection or performance bias(passive) usually caused bybias

the success of any viral campaigninfluencethe success of any viral campaign

to judging outcomes rather than processes , which leads to all sorts of inefficienciesleadsto judging outcomes rather than processes , which leads to all sorts of inefficiencies

us to assign meaning or intent based on what already happenedleadsus to assign meaning or intent based on what already happened

difficulties in measuring errors in these casesto causedifficulties in measuring errors in these cases

some major issues in court casesto causesome major issues in court cases

the resultsto influencethe results

oftenleadoften

manyleadsmany

peopleto setpeople

Financial decision making(passive) is significantly influenced byFinancial decision making

the processinfluencingthe process

a great amount of team disharmony and performance problemscan causea great amount of team disharmony and performance problems

to overconfidence and illusions of controlcan leadto overconfidence and illusions of control

memory distortion , where the recollection and reconstruction of content can lead to false theoretical outcomesmay causememory distortion , where the recollection and reconstruction of content can lead to false theoretical outcomes

memory distortion ( like the stick figure above ) , where recollection and reconstruction of content can lead to false outcomescan causememory distortion ( like the stick figure above ) , where recollection and reconstruction of content can lead to false outcomes

a person to incorrectly believe in their ability to predict eventscan similarly causea person to incorrectly believe in their ability to predict events

a person to incorrectly believe in the ability to predict eventscan similarly causea person to incorrectly believe in the ability to predict events

to overconfidence in ones ability to predict future outcomescan leadto overconfidence in ones ability to predict future outcomes

us to re - evaluate the information we had available at the time of making the decision and re - shape it using our knowledge of the outcomecausesus to re - evaluate the information we had available at the time of making the decision and re - shape it using our knowledge of the outcome

memory distortioncan causememory distortion

memory distortionmay causememory distortion

to memory distortionmay leadto memory distortion

us to think that events were much more predictable after the factcausesus to think that events were much more predictable after the fact

us to evaluate the success or failure of an investment solely by the outcomewill causeus to evaluate the success or failure of an investment solely by the outcome

an important class of legal decisionsinfluencesan important class of legal decisions

peopleleadspeople

peopleleadspeople

to incorrect analysis of situationscan leadto incorrect analysis of situations

to judgements because we know the outcomeleadsto judgements because we know the outcome

In either case(passive) is ... caused byIn either case

In either case(passive) is ... causedIn either case

In either case(passive) is ... caused byIn either case

memory distortion , where the recollectionmay causememory distortion , where the recollection

memory distortion , where the recollectionmay causememory distortion , where the recollection

to overconfidence in decisions without considering other optionscan also leadto overconfidence in decisions without considering other options

you to view events ascausesyou to view events as

problemscan causeproblems

resultscould ... influenceresults

you to view events as more predictable than they really arecausesyou to view events as more predictable than they really are

manyleadsmany

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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