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Both pleiotropy and linkage disequilibriumcreategenetic correlations between traits
linkage and pleiotropycontributeto the genetic correlation between quantitative traits
Inferred QTL often affected more than one traitcontributingto the genetic correlation between those traits
selection on phenotypic plasticitycould resultin genetic correlations among the traits
maintain linkage disequilibriaresultingin genetic correlations between traits
indirect effects(passive) is ... caused bythe genetic correlation among the traits
effects of a polymorphism directly influencing both traits or linkage disequilibrium between responsible polymorphisms(passive) would be generally caused byGenetic correlation
among - environment heteroscedasticity(passive) caused bygenetic correlation
in differentiation with respect to traits that are not related to fitness if there is sufficient indirect selection ( Darwin 1859 , Gould and Lewontin 1979 , Lande and Arnold 1983can resultin differentiation with respect to traits that are not related to fitness if there is sufficient indirect selection ( Darwin 1859 , Gould and Lewontin 1979 , Lande and Arnold 1983
tradeoff by with time and luck genetic architecture can evolve too Gene flowcreatetradeoff by with time and luck genetic architecture can evolve too Gene flow
from either pleiotropic or tightly - linked QTLstypically resultfrom either pleiotropic or tightly - linked QTLs
from linkage between the loci that affect themcan resultfrom linkage between the loci that affect them
in a correlated response to selectionwill resultin a correlated response to selection
the focal trait(passive) caused bythe focal trait
correlated responses to selectionmay causecorrelated responses to selection
to increased risk for both disordersleadto increased risk for both disorders
constraints(passive) caused byconstraints
rapid adaptation to new environmentsinfluencedrapid adaptation to new environments