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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

Risk factorsinfluencinggang membership

Police ... the same factorsleadto gang membership

Outside factorsmay influencegang membership

the underlying factorscontributingto gang membership

the several social factorsinfluencinggang membership

Sociological and psychological factorscontributingto gang membership

the socio - economic factorscontributingto gang membership

the risk and protective factorsinfluencegang membership

Factors such as boredom and despair ... strainleadsto gang membership

drugs ... the conditionsleadto gang membership

the definition of a criminal street gang ... factorscan influencegang membership

that it is a combination of factors , as opposed to just financial opportunityleadto gang membership

a developmental perspective and understanding of the factors that begin before adolescencemay leadto gang membership

The Department of Justice ’s anti - gang initiative will helppreventgang membership

a report titled Changing CoursePreventingGang Membership

parental neglect , violence at home , truancy and exclusion ... factorscan leadto gang membership

uniforms to helppreventgang affiliation

significantly ... both genetic factors and environmental factors that are uniquely experienced by the individual(passive) is influenced ... bygang affiliation

gang numbers ... the conditionsleadto gang membership

a better understanding of protective factors within youth , families , schools , and communities that may helpto preventgang membership

the underlying problemscontributingto gang membership

school problemsleadto gang membership

an overview of one section of the book Changing CoursePreventingGang Membership

their families ... to helppreventgang membership

root causescontributeto gang membership

Simon Siu - hing Cross - cultural Study Of Los Angeles Gangs Identifies Social And Economic FactorsLeadTo Gang Membership

social and environmental problemscontributeto gang membership

GRIP ... an early intervention programto preventgang membership

law enforcement ... to helppreventgang membership

the causal processesleadingto gang membership

While the program 's goal isto preventgang membership

awareness of the experiences , situations and actionscould contributeto gang membership

Certainly drugs and to some extentare contributinggang affiliation

a role model ... the short - term problemscould leadto gang membership

Continual communication between parents and youth ... one wayto preventgang membership

national institute of justice program evaluation : how do we knoware preventinggang membership

the definitions of gangs and processesleadto gang membership

Poverty and slum cultureleadsto gang membership

different ways and different roles and different components of the criminal justice systemto preventgang membership

job- shadowing opportunities to at - risk youth would helppreventgang membership

in an increase in crime and an increased propensity for violence and weapon useresultsin an increase in crime and an increased propensity for violence and weapon use

to either incidentcontributedto either incident

to jail and/or prisonleadsto jail and/or prison

in prison - ScienceBlog.comseldom originatesin prison - ScienceBlog.com

to individual delinquency above and beyond associating with delinquent peerscontributedto individual delinquency above and beyond associating with delinquent peers

to delinquency above and beyond the influence of associating with delinquent peerscontributesto delinquency above and beyond the influence of associating with delinquent peers

to delinquency above and beyond associations with delinquent peers and prior delinquent behaviorcontributedto delinquency above and beyond associations with delinquent peers and prior delinquent behavior

from a reciprocal relationship between the individual and peer groups , social structures ( i.e. poor neighborhood , school and family environmentsresultsfrom a reciprocal relationship between the individual and peer groups , social structures ( i.e. poor neighborhood , school and family environments

with whom an offender is able to socializecan influencewith whom an offender is able to socialize

to criminal conductcontributesto criminal conduct

in traumatic stress , substance use and socio - economic vulnerabilitymay ... resultin traumatic stress , substance use and socio - economic vulnerability

an appeal to black youth and change the course of their livescreatean appeal to black youth and change the course of their lives

To Harsher ConvictionsCan LeadTo Harsher Convictions

to crime and drug useleadsto crime and drug use

to the incidentsmay have contributedto the incidents

to harsher sentencingcan leadto harsher sentencing

to the dispute between themledto the dispute between them

in heavier penalties on chargesresultsin heavier penalties on charges

to this kids mental attitudemay have also contributedto this kids mental attitude

violent crime(passive) is ... triggered byviolent crime

up in response to the London riots in 2011was ... setup in response to the London riots in 2011

to increasing involvement in crimes and negative behaviorleadsto increasing involvement in crimes and negative behavior

gun violence(passive) caused bygun violence

in lower academic achievement and has a chilling effect on other students in the same schoolresultsin lower academic achievement and has a chilling effect on other students in the same school

to criminal involvement and not vice versaleadsto criminal involvement and not vice versa

to discharge or rejection of a reenlistment applicationcan leadto discharge or rejection of a reenlistment application

a web of association that even affects whether kids can attend a public school without facing death threatscreatesa web of association that even affects whether kids can attend a public school without facing death threats

a delinquent ’s attitudes , emotions , and behaviors which cause an increase in criminal involvementinfluencesa delinquent ’s attitudes , emotions , and behaviors which cause an increase in criminal involvement

youth violencepreventingyouth violence

to nothing positive and can only end in either imprisonment or deathleadsto nothing positive and can only end in either imprisonment or death

usuallyleadsusually

victimization but only focus on the association of gang members who have experienced violent victimizationcausesvictimization but only focus on the association of gang members who have experienced violent victimization

to ensure safety of jail placementdesignedto ensure safety of jail placement

to Juvenile Crime p. 11Leadsto Juvenile Crime p. 11

local politics and how law enforcement agencies tend to workto influencelocal politics and how law enforcement agencies tend to work

them from victimization by members of societypreventsthem from victimization by members of society

the harms(passive) caused bythe harms

will no longerleadwill no longer

of minority youthis ... composedof minority youth

firearm assault(passive) caused byfirearm assault

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Smart Reasoning:

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