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the quadriceps muscle groupsdesignedto elicit exercise - induced muscle damage ( EiMD
Contraction force ( 27 , 45 ) , contraction velocity ( 8 , 45 ) , initial muscle length ( 42 ) , muscle strain ( 8 , 23 ) , and number of eccentric contractions ( 27 , 42 , 46 ) have been foundto contributeto eccentric exercise - induced muscle injury
unaccustomed or strenuous exerciesresultingfrom muscle damage caused by eccentric exercise
Differences in the mode , duration , and intensity of exercise boutsmay leadto inconsistent levels of exercise - induced muscle damage
The present data ... mechanismscontributeto eccentric exercise - induced skeletal muscle injury
Heavy trainingcausesExercise Induced Oxidative Muscle Damage ( EIOMD
an increase in muscle protein synthesis in the resting recovering muscle(passive) is caused bymuscle hypertrophy resulting from exercise training
eventsleadingto muscle damage from eccentric exercise
downhill runningleadingto eccentric exercise - induced muscle damage
Reactive oxygen species ( ROS ... the stress responsemay contributeto muscle damage after eccentric exercise
marked alterations in insulin sensitivitymay causemarked alterations in insulin sensitivity
passive muscle tension(passive) caused bypassive muscle tension
adhesionsto preventadhesions
release of cytosolic enzymes CK and Myoglobin Damage to muscle contractile myofibrils and noncontractile structures Ca2 and other metabolites accumulate at abnormal levelscausingrelease of cytosolic enzymes CK and Myoglobin Damage to muscle contractile myofibrils and noncontractile structures Ca2 and other metabolites accumulate at abnormal levels
to force deficits , inflammation , increased stiffness , swelling , and delayed onset muscle soreness ( DOMScan leadto force deficits , inflammation , increased stiffness , swelling , and delayed onset muscle soreness ( DOMS
to membrane damage and failure of the excitation - contraction coupling pathwayleadingto membrane damage and failure of the excitation - contraction coupling pathway
greater increases in muscle strength compared to concentric exercise due to the greater muscle hypertrophy that follows eccentric training compared to concentric ( Hortobagyi et al . 1996causesgreater increases in muscle strength compared to concentric exercise due to the greater muscle hypertrophy that follows eccentric training compared to concentric ( Hortobagyi et al . 1996
muscle adaptations where new structural units of muscle ( called sarcomeres ) are created in series , thereby increasing the length and flexibility of the musclecausesmuscle adaptations where new structural units of muscle ( called sarcomeres ) are created in series , thereby increasing the length and flexibility of the muscle
a pro - inflammatory environment in the muscle , which may activate immune cells to augment immune responses to vaccinationcreatesa pro - inflammatory environment in the muscle , which may activate immune cells to augment immune responses to vaccination