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biases due to lack of objectivity(passive) can be caused byEcological fallacies
The movement of an individual , however , may not obey the same distance decay effectleadingto an ecological fallacy
the usual errorresultsfrom the ecological fallacy
Naive fitting of aggregated datamay resultin ecological fallacy
Over- interpretation of ecological studiescan leadto an ecological fallacy
a comparisonmay resultin ecological fallacy
aggregated survey datamay causeecological fallacy
forth(passive) can be setA possible ecological fallacy
the resultscausedecological fallacy
NOT sufficient Aggregation of exposuresmay leadto “ ecological fallacy
this relationshipresultsfrom an ecological fallacy
lower - level unitsleadingto ecological fallacy
the aggregation processmay leadto ecological fallacy
The problem with this ( normally ) is that average exposure does not determine the average riskleadingto the ecological fallacy
risk ... how to avoid itTo preventecological fallacy
spicesledto the ecological fallacy
neighborhood income which is an ecological variable , as a proxy for women ’s incomemay leadto ecological fallacy
neighborhood income which is an ecological variable ... women ’s incomemay leadto ecological fallacy
Additionally , for median household income , rurality , population diversity index , dollars spent on public transportation and median travel time to work , we used population - level data from the US Census as individual - level data were not availablemay leadto ecological fallacy
the correlation within subgroups ... all data pointsleadsto an ecological fallacy
Growing immigrationhas ledto the ecological fallacy
the drawing of inferences about individuals based on aggregate level data(passive) was discoveredThe ecological fallacy
mean age , and proportion of womenmay leadto ecological fallacy
so that nothing is known about the variation within each districtleadingto the Ecological fallacy
historianshave ... discoveredthe “ ecological fallacy
through population associations , for instancecausesthrough population associations , for instance
through population associations , privileges and new extras for the loyal customercausesthrough population associations , privileges and new extras for the loyal customer
through population associations , Chang G , Klugherz BD , Mahoney PDcausesthrough population associations , Chang G , Klugherz BD , Mahoney PD
through population associations , scam investing in forex individual fallacy Free Training Trading Binary Options KP population causes through individual associationscausesthrough population associations , scam investing in forex individual fallacy Free Training Trading Binary Options KP population causes through individual associations
to incorrect assumptions about the extent to which spatially defined factors such as contextual and environmental variables influence physical activityalso may leadto incorrect assumptions about the extent to which spatially defined factors such as contextual and environmental variables influence physical activity
from the use of multiple aggregated data setsresultingfrom the use of multiple aggregated data sets
to erroneous and misleading resultsleadsto erroneous and misleading results
if only micro theory is used to predict the performance of collectives and if the hierarchical structure in which human capital is embedded is not consideredmay resultif only micro theory is used to predict the performance of collectives and if the hierarchical structure in which human capital is embedded is not considered
to wrong conclusions about individual cases based on inference from correct statements about the entire groupmay leadto wrong conclusions about individual cases based on inference from correct statements about the entire group
from using data that is meant for a group to make generalization is avoidedresultsfrom using data that is meant for a group to make generalization is avoided
from ecological inferenceresultsfrom ecological inference
incorrect conclusions(passive) caused byincorrect conclusions
many political scientists to underestimate the likelihood of significant social unrest in China in response to this economic slowdownmight be leadingmany political scientists to underestimate the likelihood of significant social unrest in China in response to this economic slowdown
from this limitationcan resultfrom this limitation
by assuming that group data findings can be applied to each individual patient who meets the study criteriacausedby assuming that group data findings can be applied to each individual patient who meets the study criteria
from the analysis of aggregated dataresultingfrom the analysis of aggregated data
researchers to extrapolate from noticing patterns of group behaviour to the assumption that anyone who shares certain characteristics of that group will behave in a similar wayleadsresearchers to extrapolate from noticing patterns of group behaviour to the assumption that anyone who shares certain characteristics of that group will behave in a similar way
thusinfluencesthus
the evaluation of hospital performance indicatorsinfluencesthe evaluation of hospital performance indicators