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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

such volume overload ( ie , increased preloadcauseseccentric hypertrophy of the LV

In patients with left ventricular ( LV ) dysfunction and reduced ejection fraction ( LVEF ) , transition to heart failure ( HF ) is often accompanied by progressive LV dilation and changes in ventricular architecture ( the so - called LV remodeling ) and decline in wall thickness - to - cavity radius , which is referred to as relative wall thickness ( RWTresultingin eccentric LV hypertrophy ( LVH

typically(passive) is ... triggeredEccentric hypertrophy

venous return ( preloadcauseseccentric hypertrophy

an increase in systolic / diastolic pressure(passive) is caused byEccentric hypertrophy

aerobic training like running marathons , etc(passive) caused byeccentric hypertrophy

aerobic exerciseto causeeccentric hypertrophy

Chronic MRcausedeccentric LV hypertrophy

adaptationresultingin eccentric LV hypertrophy

Factors that increase the stroke volume such as regurgitant valves , septal defects , or arterial - venous fistulascauseeccentric hypertrophy

side of the heartcauseseccentric hypertrophy

Increased systolic wall stress causes path hypertrophy , increased venous returncauseseccentric hypertrophy

exercise training(passive) caused byLV eccentric hypertrophy

large myocardial infarction , and severe cardiac systolic dysfunctiontriggerseccentric hypertrophy

VO ) modelscausingeccentric hypertrophy

AR AR(passive) caused byLV eccentric hypertrophy

Overexpression of Gαq in the heart and the resulting autonomous activation of downstream Gq signaling pathwayscauseseccentric hypertrophy

reducing the amount of oxygen available to the cardiac muscle(passive) may also be caused byEccentric hypertrophy

What type of pathologiescauseeccentric hypertrophy

The Wnt pathwaymay influenceeccentric hypertrophy

from volume overload states such as aortic or mitral regurgitation and leads to an increase in muscle mass with comparative dilation of the LV chamberresultsfrom volume overload states such as aortic or mitral regurgitation and leads to an increase in muscle mass with comparative dilation of the LV chamber

from volume overload leading to cardiac myocyte dropoutresultsfrom volume overload leading to cardiac myocyte dropout

from situations of volume overload or forms of exerciseresultsfrom situations of volume overload or forms of exercise

in left ventricular ( LV ) dilatation and a concurrent elevation in stroke volume in order to compensate for the excessive blood volume delivered to , or remaining in the LV ( Figure 4(bresultsin left ventricular ( LV ) dilatation and a concurrent elevation in stroke volume in order to compensate for the excessive blood volume delivered to , or remaining in the LV ( Figure 4(b

to a decrease in ventricular wall thickness or thinning of the wall with an increase in diastolic volume and wall tensionleadsto a decrease in ventricular wall thickness or thinning of the wall with an increase in diastolic volume and wall tension

to overall cardiac enlargement ( due to myofibril deposition in seriesleadsto overall cardiac enlargement ( due to myofibril deposition in series

to increased oxygen demand by the myocardium which can result in angina or ischemic symptomsleadsto increased oxygen demand by the myocardium which can result in angina or ischemic symptoms

from high output state and volume overloadresultingfrom high output state and volume overload

in a length to width ratio of ≈ 11:1can resultin a length to width ratio of ≈ 11:1

in molecular changes occuring in all regions of the heartresultingin molecular changes occuring in all regions of the heart

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