to occasionally ignore debtwhen settingfiscal policy
to close a recessionary gap by changing aggregate expenditures and shifting the aggregate demand curve(passive) is designedExpansionary fiscal policy
tryingto influencefiscal policy
by the federal reserve(passive) is set byFiscal policy
to restrain the economy during or in anticipation of an inflation - inducing business cycle expansion(passive) is designedContractionary fiscal policy
to restrain the economy during or anticipation of an inflation - inducing business - cycle expansion(passive) is designedContractionary fiscal policy
Government(passive) is designed byFiscal policy
Budget decisions ... the governmentsetsfiscal policy
that the Finance Secretary acting in self - interest would get the Bank to fund the budget through accommodative monetary policycausingfiscal policy
as a drag on growth(passive) is setFiscal policy
to stimulate the economy during or anticipation of a business - cycle contraction(passive) is designedExpansionary fiscal policy
to reduce the public sector borrowing requirement to about 1 percent of GDP in 2000/01(passive) is designedFiscal policy
Congress ( Asetsfiscal policy
the governmentshould ... influencefiscal policy
to close an inflationary gap by changing aggregate expenditures and shifting the aggregate demand curve(passive) is designedContractionary fiscal policy
so that no abrupt consolidation is needed when production wanes(passive) should be setFiscal policy
Congress(passive) is set byFiscal policy
any policy in governmentinfluencesfiscal policy
any policy in government ... taxesinfluencesfiscal policy
abilityto influencefiscal policy
the previous governmentdesignedfiscal policy
still(passive) is ... setFiscal policy
to reduce the public sector borrowing requirement to about 1 % of GDP in 2000/01(passive) is designedFiscal policy
by changes in government(passive) caused byfiscal policy
changes in government(passive) caused byfiscal policy
inflation targetingcan influencefiscal policy
ableto influencefiscal policy
to achieve an objective(passive) is designedfiscal policy
national markets factorsinfluencingfiscal policy
that must be balancedwhen settingfiscal policy
the services of the politicianssetfiscal policy
the dividends the central bank pays ... thus having the central bank set its own profits is equivalent to itsettingfiscal policy
policy reformscan leadfiscal policy
the federal governmentsetsfiscal policy
The autonomy of the Chancellor of the Exchequerto setfiscal policy
in a budget deficitwill resultin a budget deficit
to a larger government budget deficit or a smaller budget surplusleadsto a larger government budget deficit or a smaller budget surplus
to increase aggregatedesignedto increase aggregate
the economyinfluencingthe economy
to more expenditureleadingto more expenditure
the private sectorinfluencesthe private sector
macroeconomic conditions by adjusting spending and taxation policies to alter aggregate demandinfluencemacroeconomic conditions by adjusting spending and taxation policies to alter aggregate demand
in greater inflation pressures and increasing public debtcould resultin greater inflation pressures and increasing public debt
in the crowding out of private investment and net exportsmay resultin the crowding out of private investment and net exports
in greater inflation pressurescould resultin greater inflation pressures
to a higher trade deficitcan leadto a higher trade deficit
some increase in aggregate spending ... with larger increases the further the economy is from full employmentwould causesome increase in aggregate spending ... with larger increases the further the economy is from full employment
the economyinfluencesthe economy
to increasedesignedto increase
to a smaller government budget deficit or a larger budget surplusleadsto a smaller government budget deficit or a larger budget surplus
economic outcomesinfluenceseconomic outcomes
to reduce unemploymentdesignedto reduce unemployment
to an increase in real GDP larger than the initial rise in aggregate spendingleadsto an increase in real GDP larger than the initial rise in aggregate spending
deficitscausesdeficits
expendituresinfluencingexpenditures
to changes in government expenditure ( a component of ADcontributesto changes in government expenditure ( a component of AD
in a large budget deficit , all else equalresultsin a large budget deficit , all else equal
in a large budget deficitresultsin a large budget deficit
to government deficits / debtmay leadto government deficits / debt
the reduction of either the direct or indirect taxescausesthe reduction of either the direct or indirect taxes
to deterioration in the trade balancewill leadto deterioration in the trade balance
to reduce inflationdesignedto reduce inflation
in sound fiscal management and effective internal financial controlswill resultin sound fiscal management and effective internal financial controls
to higher taxes , not monetary policyledto higher taxes , not monetary policy
macroeconomic conditions by adjusting spending and taxation policies to alter aggregate demand When aggregate demand falls below the potential output of the economyinfluencemacroeconomic conditions by adjusting spending and taxation policies to alter aggregate demand When aggregate demand falls below the potential output of the economy
in a balanced budget , a deficit budget and a surplus budgetcan resultin a balanced budget , a deficit budget and a surplus budget
to increased deficitsleadsto increased deficits
alsoledalso
to support economic recoverydesignedto support economic recovery
the level of GDPcan influencethe level of GDP
little to lessening the U.S. external deficitwill contributelittle to lessening the U.S. external deficit
interest rates to risecausesinterest rates to rise