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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

Certain OR distant external faultsmay causeCT saturation

The latter allows to accelerate tripping of internal faults with high fault currentscauseCT saturation

a high alternating current(passive) caused bya C.T. saturation

The burden value ... low enoughto preventCT core saturation

a design method of iron - cored CTs for use with protective relaysto preventCT saturation

the minimum pu currentcausingCT saturation

the line CTsresultingfrom CT saturation

the DC component of the unsymmetrical start - up(passive) is caused byThe CT saturation

This large DC offset coupled with higher lead resistancecausedCT saturation

Severe external faultmay causeCT saturation

delayed operation ... the DC offsetcausesCT saturation

a decaying direct current component in the magnetizing inrush current(passive) caused byCT ) saturation

a slowly decaying DC component which will be the case if a system fault is initiated at or close to the zero crossing point of the system voltage(passive) may be caused byCT saturation

Some of the following conditionscan causeCT saturation

external fault removal(passive) caused byCT saturation

e(passive) caused byCT saturation

the external fault , which always results in the maloperation(passive) caused byCT saturation

the DC - component of the fault(passive) caused byCT - saturation

generator differential protection from mal - operation caused by the transient currentresultedfrom CT saturation

relay misoperationresultingfrom CT saturation

the harmonicsresultingfrom CT saturation

increasing differential current that may enter the differential element operate regioncausesincreasing differential current that may enter the differential element operate region

to protection devices maloperationleadsto protection devices maloperation

to protective relay maloperationcould leadto protective relay maloperation

power system relays to malfunctionmay causepower system relays to malfunction

phase shifts and harmonics in the operating current source that are different from what may be generated in the polarizing voltage or current sourcecan causephase shifts and harmonics in the operating current source that are different from what may be generated in the polarizing voltage or current source

false directional interpretation created by phase shifts between the relative measurement points on the distorted current and undistorted voltage waveforms ( or possibly distorted voltage waveforms if Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformers are usedmay causefalse directional interpretation created by phase shifts between the relative measurement points on the distorted current and undistorted voltage waveforms ( or possibly distorted voltage waveforms if Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformers are used

the aperiodic components and distortions(passive) caused bythe aperiodic components and distortions

the neutral - side current and terminal - side current(passive) caused bythe neutral - side current and terminal - side current

the false differential currents(passive) caused bythe false differential currents

harmonic current waveforms(passive) caused byharmonic current waveforms

differential current error(passive) caused bydifferential current error

errors in reproduction of the current fundamental harmoniccauseserrors in reproduction of the current fundamental harmonic

no tripping of the circuit breaker and severe damage may takes placewill causeno tripping of the circuit breaker and severe damage may takes place

> transformer maximum 3phase through fault current/2Setting> transformer maximum 3phase through fault current/2

the performance of the principle proposed in this papermay influencethe performance of the principle proposed in this paper

an incorrect operationto causean incorrect operation

relay coordination(passive) caused byrelay coordination

The trip time delay(passive) caused byThe trip time delay

overcurrent relaysmay causeovercurrent relays

in a false differential current and nuisance trippingcan resultin a false differential current and nuisance tripping

the Synchronous Generator ( SG ) differential protectioninfluencesthe Synchronous Generator ( SG ) differential protection

the mal - operation or operating time delay of protection relaysmay causethe mal - operation or operating time delay of protection relays

various current relay misoperation , impact analysis of ancausesvarious current relay misoperation , impact analysis of an

scheme security(passive) caused byscheme security

desulphurization booster fan differential protection misoperation(passive) caused bydesulphurization booster fan differential protection misoperation

from direct current of fault currentresultingfrom direct current of fault current

problems for associated relays and provides pratical application guidelines regarding settings and scheme logiccausesproblems for associated relays and provides pratical application guidelines regarding settings and scheme logic

in accordance with all protective regions , which judges the internal and an external faults in all protective regionsis setin accordance with all protective regions , which judges the internal and an external faults in all protective regions

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Smart Reasoning:

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