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Blob

Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

These unnecessary investments lead to poor performancecreatingconflicts between shareholders and managers

The separation of ownership andmanagementmay createconflict between the shareholders and themanagement

the managementcreatesa conflict between shareholders and management

This taxation systemcreatesa conflict between shareholders and companies

Such decisionscreatea conflict of interest between the shareholders and creditors

the own interest so that they prefer their own interest rather than the interest of the company , on the(passive) can be influenced byA conflict between shareholders and creditors

which despite being private would not issue shares or dividends to outside membersthereby preventingconflict between shareholders and the public

This factoften causesconflict between large shareholders and directors

political spendingcreatesconflict between shareholders and managers 2

an IPOcreatesa conflict of interest between shareholders and tokenholders

to excessive leveragecan leadto excessive leverage

the agency costs(passive) caused bythe agency costs

the cost of debt agency(passive) caused bythe cost of debt agency

the cost of equity agency(passive) caused bythe cost of equity agency

from the separation of ownership and controlresultsfrom the separation of ownership and control

underinvestment ... as demonstrated by Myers ( 1977can ... createunderinvestment ... as demonstrated by Myers ( 1977

The agency relationship(passive) is createdThe agency relationship

costs of the enterprise 1createscosts of the enterprise 1

the governance issues(passive) caused bythe governance issues

Blob

Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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