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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

Mechanical disturbancecan causecompaction of the surface soil

flexibility and a footprint that is wide enoughto causereduced compaction on soil

some casescausingcompaction deeper in the soil

by wheeled traffic(passive) caused bysoil Soil compaction

This tends ... and will lead to instability of the buildingto causesubsidence in the soil

health risks and nestcan causesubsidence in soil

by lawn traffic , such as walking or mowing(passive) can be caused bycompaction in the soil

Over time heavy footfall across the ground and around the base of the treeshas resultedin compaction of the soil

The traffic of those machinescan leadto compaction of the soil

an increased use of heavy agricultural machineryhas resultedin compaction of the soil

equipmentcan causecompaction of the soil

a lot of foot trafficcan leadto compaction of the soil

the groundleadingto compaction of the soil

The use of heavy agricultural equipmentcan causecompaction of soil

by cattle traffic(passive) caused byCompaction of soil

The weightcausedcompaction of the soil

One effect isto causecompaction of the soil

heavy equipmentcan causecompaction of the soil

Grazingcan leadto compaction of soil

the gardencausescompaction of the soil

Tillingcan causecompaction of the soil

the weight of your footprintcausescompaction of the soil

The heavy traffic on your gardenwill leadto the compaction of the soil

Cattlecausedcompaction of the soil

Heavy equipment such as excavators and vehicles driving on top of the root systemcausecompaction of the soil

The heavy weight of these structures and vehicleswill resultin compaction of the soil

Compaction Soil Density factorsinfluencingcompaction of soils

Earthquakes Earthquakescan causeliquefaction of soil

Urbanizationleadsto the compaction of soil

Shaking ... soft sedimentsmay causeliquefaction of soil

heavy machinery and storing of building materials around the tree(passive) caused byCompaction - Compaction of soil

These giant harvesterscausea compaction of the soil

regular use of the turfcausescompaction of the soil

The heavy machinery and rail terminal itselfwould causecompaction of the soil

soft sedimentsmay causeliquefaction of soil

Inappropriate activities in the soil treatment areacan causecompaction of the soils

mining starts including increased soil erosion as heavy machinery and mining vehiclesmay resultin the compaction of soil

the steel cross section of the pile(passive) is caused byCompaction of the soil

by wheel traffic on wet soil(passive) caused bysoil compaction

The increased number of horses on the reservationis causingcompaction on the soil

in poor rooting and reduced vigormay resultin poor rooting and reduced vigor

in increased dry densityresultsin increased dry density

into both a reduced amount of air held in the soilresultsinto both a reduced amount of air held in the soil

to root development and germination problemsleadingto root development and germination problems

to root development and germination problemsagain leadingto root development and germination problems

instability in structurescausedinstability in structures

poor productivity due to restricted water percolation and air flow around the roots and makes it difficult for the roots to expand through the soilcausespoor productivity due to restricted water percolation and air flow around the roots and makes it difficult for the roots to expand through the soil

the development of a sliding surfacecausesthe development of a sliding surface

in loss of air spaces under the surfacewill resultin loss of air spaces under the surface

the soil to remain wet for prolonged periods of time after rainfall or irrigation eventscausesthe soil to remain wet for prolonged periods of time after rainfall or irrigation events

a reduction in pore spacecausinga reduction in pore space

in loss of air spaceswill resultin loss of air spaces

to erosionleadsto erosion

alsoleadsalso

in excess moisture on pasture surfaces , shallow root systems , andresultsin excess moisture on pasture surfaces , shallow root systems , and

ground vibrations(passive) caused byground vibrations

in poor drainage and root growthresultsin poor drainage and root growth

to root rotcan leadto root rot

the buildings life(passive) caused bythe buildings life

to size and numbers of porescan contributeto size and numbers of pores

from heavy usecan resultfrom heavy use

to death of the microbes in your soil , which in turn means less nutrients available for your lawn and plantsleadsto death of the microbes in your soil , which in turn means less nutrients available for your lawn and plants

from heavy traffic such as kids playing on the lawncan resultfrom heavy traffic such as kids playing on the lawn

in poor crop yields and damage of the soilresultsin poor crop yields and damage of the soil

to problems such as restricted plant growth , erosion , runoff and floodingleadsto problems such as restricted plant growth , erosion , runoff and flooding

One of the most common causes of damage to roots in urban areas(passive) is caused byOne of the most common causes of damage to roots in urban areas

to runoff and poor vegetation growthleadsto runoff and poor vegetation growth

a reduction in soil pore spacecausesa reduction in soil pore space

to water not reaching the roots of the plantscan leadto water not reaching the roots of the plants

in improved water absorbency and better soil textureresultingin improved water absorbency and better soil texture

to slow water infiltration and poor plants growthleadto slow water infiltration and poor plants growth

to more surface runoffleadsto more surface runoff

root suffocation and decreased water permeabilitycausingroot suffocation and decreased water permeability

roots to grow near the surface to be near the oxygen instead of the roots growing deeply into the soilcausesroots to grow near the surface to be near the oxygen instead of the roots growing deeply into the soil

to turf damagecan leadto turf damage

to more visible surface rootscan also leadto more visible surface roots

trees to die offcausingtrees to die off

in brown spots and even dead or sparse grass growthcan resultin brown spots and even dead or sparse grass growth

tree failurecan causetree failure

to poor root growthcan leadto poor root growth

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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