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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

to correct this abnormality(passive) is designedCleft lip surgery

by abnormal facial development(passive) caused bycleft lip / palate

genescausecleft lip / palate

TOPAMAX use during pregnancycan causecleft lip and/or

maternal smokingcan causecleft lip palate

any drugcausingCLEFT LIP REPAIR

MSX1 mutationscontributeto nonsyndromic cleft lip

by this drug(passive) caused bycleft lips

any medications ... substancescan causecleft lips

substancescan causecleft lips

both genetic and environmental factors(passive) can be caused byCleft lips

genetics or environmental influences , such as cigarette , drug , and alchol use and exposure to lead(passive) can be caused byCleft lips

TOPAMAX use during pregnancycan causecleft lip

TOPAMAX use during pregnancycan causecleft lip

Cleft lip Cleft palate ... and/or palatecausescleft lip

use during pregnancycan causecleft lip

use during pregnancycan causecleft lip

cleft palate ( a conditionleadsto cleft lip

when the tissue in the lip does not completely join , a development which usually occurs between the fourth and seventh weeks of pregnancy(passive) is causedA cleft lip

Genetics Genetic factors ... and cleft palate formationcontributingto cleft lip

an improper formation of the lips or mouth of a baby(passive) can be caused byCleft lip

Genetic factors ... and cleft palate formationcontributingto cleft lip

normal lip fusionleadingto cleft lip

the drugs believed ... and cleft palate to causecleft lip

palate ( a conditionleadsto cleft lip

by failure of fusion of medial nasal and maxillary processes(passive) is caused byCleft lip

and/or cleft palate(passive) may be causedCleft lip

and/or cleft palate(passive) are causedCleft lip

and/or cleft palateresultin cleft lip

TOPAMAX ... other drugscauseCLEFT LIP

when the upper lip has not fused together properly resulting in a gap between the upper lip and nose(passive) is causedA cleft lip

Genetic factors ... and cleftcontributingto cleft lip

by abnormal facial development while in the womb(passive) is caused byA cleft lip

by mutations in the IRF6 gene(passive) caused bycleft lip

taking Topamaxcan resultcleft lip

a genetic syndromecausesa cleft lip

by smoking(passive) probably caused bycleft lip

genesinfluencingto cleft lip

For the most part , it is not knowncausesa cleft lip

Failure to fusecan causea [ [ cleft lip

in the closure of the cleft lipresultingin the closure of the cleft lip

problems with feeding , ear disease ( which may lead to hearing loss ) , speech and socializationmay causeproblems with feeding , ear disease ( which may lead to hearing loss ) , speech and socialization

a child to have difficulty speaking , swallowing , and breathing , suffer from frequent ear infections ( otitis media ) , and cause significant facial and dental deformitycan causea child to have difficulty speaking , swallowing , and breathing , suffer from frequent ear infections ( otitis media ) , and cause significant facial and dental deformity

to speechcan leadto speech

significant nasal deformitycausessignificant nasal deformity

a lot of social stigmacausesa lot of social stigma

to 26 corrective surgeries in his lifehas ledto 26 corrective surgeries in his life

communication between nose and mouthcausescommunication between nose and mouth

in an external scar , which should follow the natural contours of the area and will fade over the yearswill resultin an external scar , which should follow the natural contours of the area and will fade over the years

persistent ear infections and dental problemsmay causepersistent ear infections and dental problems

from an incomplete development of the lip ... and cleft palate , which is an incomplete development of the roof of the mouthresultsfrom an incomplete development of the lip ... and cleft palate , which is an incomplete development of the roof of the mouth

problems with feeding , ear disease , and speech in childrenmay causeproblems with feeding , ear disease , and speech in children

gap in the lip or opening in the roof of the mouthcausesgap in the lip or opening in the roof of the mouth

an abnormal appearance of both the lip and the nosecausesan abnormal appearance of both the lip and the nose

a number of difficulties and problems for a childcan causea number of difficulties and problems for a child

to problems with speech and languagecan leadto problems with speech and language

from an incomplete development of the lipresultsfrom an incomplete development of the lip

in severe asymmetry to the mouth and nose arearesultingin severe asymmetry to the mouth and nose area

feeding and or speech / language problemsmay causefeeding and or speech / language problems

feeding problemsmay causefeeding problems

feeding problemsis causingfeeding problems

alsomight ... influencealso

alsocan ... influencealso

them to have any speech difficultieswill causethem to have any speech difficulties

feeding issues ... and/or palate(passive) caused byfeeding issues ... and/or palate

difficulties in speaking as wellmay causedifficulties in speaking as well

from a failure of one or both sides of the upper lip to fuseresultsfrom a failure of one or both sides of the upper lip to fuse

Cleft lip ultrasoundcausesCleft lip ultrasound

the lip to not form fullyhas causedthe lip to not form fully

speech delays and other language difficultiescan causespeech delays and other language difficulties

Surgery to correct cleft palatecausesSurgery to correct cleft palate

cleft chincausescleft chin

facial disfigurement(passive) caused byfacial disfigurement

in difficulty speaking , eating and drinkingcan resultin difficulty speaking , eating and drinking

to feeding and nutrition issuesleadsto feeding and nutrition issues

my teeth to be all outcausedmy teeth to be all out

in teethresultsin teeth

to dental damagecan leadto dental damage

alsomay ... causealso

alsoleadsalso

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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