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a wide range of abiotic factors ... likelyto influencebenthic zonation
e.g. , light , temperature , substratum etc ... likelyto influencebenthic zonation
effortsto createhabitat for benthic macroinvertebrates
of aquatic insects(passive) are composedBenthic macroinvertebrates
shipwrecksinfluencebenthic microbial biogeography
δ18Obleadsbenthic δ13Cb
mining(passive) were influenced bybenthic macroinvertebrates
increasing availability of hard substrate habitat in the stream ( gravel , cobbles , or bouldersinfluencedbenthic macroinvertebrates
81 species , 45 genus , 37 families , 15 orders , 8 classes in 3 phyla(passive) was totally composedThe taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates
Harmful events(passive) caused byHarmful events
from the burrowing hemichordates ( Fig . 4.8originate eventuallyfrom the burrowing hemichordates ( Fig . 4.8
teams of volunteers on group sampling days three times a year including a Spring and Fall Bug Hunt and a Winter Stonefly Searchleadteams of volunteers on group sampling days three times a year including a Spring and Fall Bug Hunt and a Winter Stonefly Search
macrofouling problems to marine and fresh water cooling systemscan causemacrofouling problems to marine and fresh water cooling systems
meiofaunal distributioninfluencemeiofaunal distribution
the least with each fish having 2 %contributedthe least with each fish having 2 %
to the standing stocks of phytoplankton in the lakecontributeto the standing stocks of phytoplankton in the lake
in functional collapsewould have resultedin functional collapse
to intensely productive near shore ecosystemscontributeto intensely productive near shore ecosystems
of diatomswere ... composedof diatoms
fouling problems to marine and fresh water cooling systemscan causefouling problems to marine and fresh water cooling systems
to the amount of food available to juvenile salmonidscontributeto the amount of food available to juvenile salmonids