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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

The Democratsinventeda lot of bad governance

political risk ... too oftenresultedfrom poor governance

and ineffective state security mechanismshas ... ledpoor governance

the governmentresultingto poor governance

Ownership structure and lack of enforcement capabilitieshave causedpoor governance

by the current PPP - led government(passive) set bypoor governance

even individualscan influencepoor governance

by political and institutional instability(passive) caused bypoor governance

the countryoriginatingfrom poor governance

by the President?s absence(passive) caused bypoor governance

Delay in having key decisionswill causevery poor governance

Corporate failuresresultfrom poor governance

just too many reports of mismanagementresultingfrom poor governance

Failuresresultingfrom poor governance

Hong Kong people(passive) is caused byThe poor governance

conditions that are consistent with the socioeconomic and cultural conditionsresultfrom poor governance

Ownership is fragmentedresultsin poor governance

toxic culturecontributingto governance failures

by micro and mega level corruption(passive) caused bypoor governance

State ownership in the context of a monopolyhas ledto poor governance

the complicationsresultfrom poor governance

Delay in getting critical choiceswill causevery poor governance

Corrupt electionsresultin poor governance

the existing board 's decisions and oversighthave resultedin poor governance

social problemsresultingfrom poor governance

other provinceshas ... resultedin poor governance

civic dutyhas resultedin poor governance

Delay in getting important conclusionswill causepoor governance

The associated physical , environmental , and social impactsresultingfrom poor governance

No concrete and workable visioncausea poor governance

that most banks are owned by one or two individualsleadingto poor governance

by lack of community involvement in decision - making , little awareness of laws and regulations , poor enforcement and weak relationships between local and national stakeholders(passive) caused bypoor governance

Bad governance governmentcausesbad governance

Narrative without a political movement to support itwill leadto bad governance

Bad policyleadsto bad governance

the actual dollar losses ... as well as the operational and investment performance benefits of certain governance practicescan resultfrom bad governance

Political corruptionhas resultedin bad governance

poor leadershiphas resultedin bad governance

bad leadershipleadsto bad governance

bad leadershipresultsto bad governance

which ... implementeddesignedwhich ... implemented

one - time episodic events(passive) caused byone - time episodic events

in a structure of external liabilities that is relatively heavy in external debt and relatively light in FDI , which is precisely the liability structure that Tong and Wei ( 2010 ) show was associated with a worse liquidity crunch during the global financial crisisresultsin a structure of external liabilities that is relatively heavy in external debt and relatively light in FDI , which is precisely the liability structure that Tong and Wei ( 2010 ) show was associated with a worse liquidity crunch during the global financial crisis

to povertyleadingto poverty

the many national problems and challenges in the country(passive) are caused bythe many national problems and challenges in the country

to a risk for public money , service performance and the reputation of the councilhas ledto a risk for public money , service performance and the reputation of the council

to inefficiencyleadsto inefficiency

to corruption leading to poor governanceleadingto corruption leading to poor governance

to poor investment performanceleadingto poor investment performance

to poor investment decisions , corruption and ultimately even poorer performanceleadingto poor investment decisions , corruption and ultimately even poorer performance

deep discontent with state performance , lack of trust in government , and low social mobilization for governance building initiativeshas causeddeep discontent with state performance , lack of trust in government , and low social mobilization for governance building initiatives

in risks to public money , service performance and the reputation of councilshas resultedin risks to public money , service performance and the reputation of councils

to corruption and poor infrastructureleadingto corruption and poor infrastructure

to increased poverty and instabilityleadingto increased poverty and instability

to a decline of trust in political institutionsledto a decline of trust in political institutions

to poor economic growth and corruptionleadsto poor economic growth and corruption

to bad government land use policies leadsto bad government land use policies

to these problemshas ledto these problems

these problemsmay ... have causedthese problems

Problems(passive) are caused byProblems

the problems(passive) caused bythe problems

any problems(passive) caused byany problems

business failure(passive) is caused bybusiness failure

to the collapse of an organisation and most oftenhas contributedto the collapse of an organisation and most often

in part by bad informationis causedin part by bad information

to bad resultsleadsto bad results

to corruption and povertyleadsto corruption and poverty

Even the hunger in the US(passive) is caused byEven the hunger in the US

to long - term decline and policy declineleadsto long - term decline and policy decline

to poor executionledto poor execution

the issues(passive) caused bythe issues

peoplemay leadpeople

in the failure of many credit unions in the countryhad resultedin the failure of many credit unions in the country

to rise of conflicts in an organizationcan leadto rise of conflicts in an organization

to increase in fraud and corruptionhas ledto increase in fraud and corruption

alsohas ... ledalso

a bad management(passive) caused bya bad management

to reduced efficiencyleadsto reduced efficiency

from lack of peopleresultsfrom lack of people

evencan ... resulteven

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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