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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

One ’s judgment of the probability of an event(passive) is influencedAVAILABILITY HEURISTIC

the predictable - world biascausesThe availability heuristic

things that come easily to mind(passive) is influenced byThe availability heuristic

Repetition of messages online throughout the user journeycan also triggerthe availability heuristic

when dealing with complex systems like the stock market(passive) is often triggeredThe availability heuristic

the Andy Fastows , Bernie Ebbers , and Bernie Madoffs(passive) triggered bythe availability heuristic

the psychological processcreatethe availability heuristic

big namestriggeringthe availability heuristic

They often mistakenly respond to riskresultsfrom the availability heuristics

the 9/11 terrorist attacks ( PSU World Campus 2018(passive) created bythe availability heuristic

to some decision making errors like ease of recallcould leadto some decision making errors like ease of recall

to wrong conclusionsleadingto wrong conclusions

for instanceleadsfor instance

in overconfidence and overestimationoften resultsin overconfidence and overestimation

us to judge likelihoods of events based on their frequencies and ease of recallcauseus to judge likelihoods of events based on their frequencies and ease of recall

us to provide answers based on some recent and available information that we encountered previouslyleadsus to provide answers based on some recent and available information that we encountered previously

us to reach into our memories and pull out examples of good things and bad things that have happened recently when asked how well things are goingcausesus to reach into our memories and pull out examples of good things and bad things that have happened recently when asked how well things are going

his assessment of the world hunger problem(passive) is influenced byhis assessment of the world hunger problem

political actors and the unintended consequences of their reactionsarguably influencingpolitical actors and the unintended consequences of their reactions

to gross exaggerationis leadingto gross exaggeration

people to exaggerate the frequency of school shootingsmay leadpeople to exaggerate the frequency of school shootings

us to misinterpret ease of cognitive processing as being indicative of a larger categorycausesus to misinterpret ease of cognitive processing as being indicative of a larger category

oftenresultsoften

a decision based on history and likelihoodinfluencea decision based on history and likelihood

on the four subjectsinfluencedon the four subjects

our decisionns and judgmentsinfluencesour decisionns and judgments

to the selection of sub - optimal landing locations , lower earnings , elevated outmigration rates , and concentration in the most well - known locationscan leadto the selection of sub - optimal landing locations , lower earnings , elevated outmigration rates , and concentration in the most well - known locations

these biases(passive) caused bythese biases

Our risk map(passive) is influenced byOur risk map

to erroneous decisionscan leadto erroneous decisions

us to misjudge the frequency and magnitude of eventscauseus to misjudge the frequency and magnitude of events

people to underestimate the likelihood of events with low - probability or low - salience because these threats simply do not make it onto peopleswould leadpeople to underestimate the likelihood of events with low - probability or low - salience because these threats simply do not make it onto peoples

any human decisions(passive) influenced byany human decisions

individuals , firms and governmentleadindividuals , firms and government

my behavior and the people around meinfluencesmy behavior and the people around me

in judgments that may not have been in the best interest of the population , when a 21-day quarantine was mandated for those returning from Ebola - stricken countriesresultingin judgments that may not have been in the best interest of the population , when a 21-day quarantine was mandated for those returning from Ebola - stricken countries

industry - sympathetic Representativesmay have influencedindustry - sympathetic Representatives

me to many problemsledme to many problems

to the mindset of individuals that plane are more dangerous than daily transport in carscontributeto the mindset of individuals that plane are more dangerous than daily transport in cars

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Smart Reasoning:

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