for examplehas resultedfor example

The new competitive environment(passive) created byThe new competitive environment

extensive problems(passive) were caused byextensive problems

to schedules requiring planes to wait some time before takeoff , which seems to build up pressure on smokers to light up in unison as soon as they canhas ledto schedules requiring planes to wait some time before takeoff , which seems to build up pressure on smokers to light up in unison as soon as they can

jobs and careershas createdjobs and careers

to the travel dystopia we all barely tolerateledto the travel dystopia we all barely tolerate

in unprecedented industry concentration , miserable service , a deterioration in labor - management relations , a narrower margin of safety , and higher prices for the consumerhas resultedin unprecedented industry concentration , miserable service , a deterioration in labor - management relations , a narrower margin of safety , and higher prices for the consumer

new business opportunities(passive) created bynew business opportunities

the opportunity for low cost carriers such as Southwest , EasyJet , Go , and otherscreatedthe opportunity for low cost carriers such as Southwest , EasyJet , Go , and others

to Alaska ’s route expansions in 1979ledto Alaska ’s route expansions in 1979

low - fare carriers to commence flightspromptedlow - fare carriers to commence flights

Massive Problems ... Melvin Brenner ; Apr. 13CreatesMassive Problems ... Melvin Brenner ; Apr. 13

to many more opportunities for the average American to flyhas ledto many more opportunities for the average American to fly

to fare wars , which led to a huge increase in the number of air travelers , particularly first - time airline passengersledto fare wars , which led to a huge increase in the number of air travelers , particularly first - time airline passengers

to inflation adjusted airline fares to decline precipitously since put into effect in the late 1970s , signed by Carter and championed by Ted Kennedyhas ledto inflation adjusted airline fares to decline precipitously since put into effect in the late 1970s , signed by Carter and championed by Ted Kennedy

to DeregulationAir Cargo DeregulationExpress Package DeliveryPassengerLeadingto DeregulationAir Cargo DeregulationExpress Package DeliveryPassenger

such wild , unfettered competition and unrealistic , unprofitable air fares that it would drastically reshape the industry in ways that would be bad for the consumerwas causingsuch wild , unfettered competition and unrealistic , unprofitable air fares that it would drastically reshape the industry in ways that would be bad for the consumer

in airfares per passenger - kmhas resultedin airfares per passenger - km

to sharply falling prices , much more travel , and the bankruptcy or merger of several airlines that had survived because of high regulated faresledto sharply falling prices , much more travel , and the bankruptcy or merger of several airlines that had survived because of high regulated fares

many ups and downs in the industryhas causedmany ups and downs in the industry

to choked airports , overcrowded and cramped planes and high airfares that have become taken for grantedhas ledto choked airports , overcrowded and cramped planes and high airfares that have become taken for granted

a Big Mess April 05Has Createda Big Mess April 05

in a general reduction in airfareshas resultedin a general reduction in airfares

soaring demands(passive) triggered bysoaring demands

to some mergers and some firms dropping out of the businessledto some mergers and some firms dropping out of the business

in structural changes affecting international aviationalso has resultedin structural changes affecting international aviation

a Big Mess - latimes VIEWPOINTSHas Createda Big Mess - latimes VIEWPOINTS

to more flights at lower priceshas ledto more flights at lower prices

a profound reshape in the aviation industrycauseda profound reshape in the aviation industry

some second thoughts among members as service to marginal areas is cut andis causingsome second thoughts among members as service to marginal areas is cut and

higher fares and fewer airlinescausinghigher fares and fewer airlines

to lower fares and more competitionledto lower fares and more competition

a safer aviation industrycreateda safer aviation industry

to a proliferation of new airlines and an increase in the number of passengers flying , which , in turn , has put added strains on major airportshas ledto a proliferation of new airlines and an increase in the number of passengers flying , which , in turn , has put added strains on major airports

a hijacker - friendly environment in the skiescreateda hijacker - friendly environment in the skies

in dramatically reduced prices for U.S. flights and increased air trafficresultedin dramatically reduced prices for U.S. flights and increased air traffic

in more airlines operating more airplanes to more placeshas resultedin more airlines operating more airplanes to more places

to airplane maintenance that imperils passengersledto airplane maintenance that imperils passengers

to unheard of focus , depressing carrierhas ledto unheard of focus , depressing carrier

the stage for subsequent efforts to deregulate other industries ’ ( Horwitz , 1986 : 151setthe stage for subsequent efforts to deregulate other industries ’ ( Horwitz , 1986 : 151