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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

agent monitoring agent and the systemmight causeadditional agency cost

Higher human resources andledagency services costs

the changed ownership structurecauseshigher agency costs

This small feewill contributetowards the Agency costs

by such incidents(passive) caused byagency response costs

foundto influencethe level of agency costs

Commoncausesagency resources costs

major corporate governance mechanisms foundto influencethe level of agency costs

weak shareholder rightscausedadditional agency costs

If employees are entitled to voting representation on the board of directors , monitoring by the board and its subordinate managers will be less effectivewill causeagency costs to rise

since NHS Employers revealedwere causingrising agency costs

4 Imperfect contractscauseagency costs Difficult

growth opportunity in firmswill causeagency cost

only applications from candidates ... programscould causean agency cost

only programs from candidates ... applicationsmay causean agency cost

only programs from candidates ... applicationswill causean agency cost

only purposes from candidates ... programswill causean agency cost

by the separation of ownership and control(passive) caused bythe agency cost

by the agent conflict between the manager and the shareholders(passive) caused bythe agency cost

by audit fee(passive) are influenced bymeasurable agency costs

the relation between managers and shareholderscauseagency cost

by information asymmetry between management team and shareholders(passive) caused bythe agency cost

by CEO duality in state - controlled firms(passive) caused bythe agency cost

by moral hazard(passive) caused bythe agency cost

by managers opportunistic behavior(passive) caused byagency cost

by CEO duality(passive) caused byagency cost

by CEO duality(passive) caused bythe agency cost

using taxto influencemanagerial agency costs

The use of debt in capital structure of the firmleadsto agency costs

The use of debt in capital structure of the firmalso leadsto agency costs

The agency problemresultsinto agency costs

The agency problemleadsto agency costs

Agency problemleadsto agency costs

the separation of share ownership from board management(passive) caused byagency costs

the separation of ownership and control in companiescan leadto agency costs

by changes in ownership(passive) caused bycosts of agency

agency problems ... principals and agentsleadto agency costs

The principal - agent problemgenerally resultsin agency costs

Different financing patterns and capital structurewill absolutely influencethe agency costs

by the so called separation of ownership and control(passive) caused bythe agency costs

to the sustainability of profitsleadingto the sustainability of profits

from performance delays by the contractorresultfrom performance delays by the contractor

to improved firm performanceleadsto improved firm performance

in the expected savings from the merger and reorganisationare resultingin the expected savings from the merger and reorganisation

contracts that determine exactly how resources owned by a contractor shall be controlledto setcontracts that determine exactly how resources owned by a contractor shall be controlled

from lenders monitoring the firm?sresultingfrom lenders monitoring the firm?s

from the decisions of the executivesresultingfrom the decisions of the executives

mortgagesetsmortgage

oftenresultoften

managersledmanagers

Of the full comprehensive coverage car insuranceto have causedOf the full comprehensive coverage car insurance

from excessive market power and information asymmetryresultfrom excessive market power and information asymmetry

to non - compliance with production / sales standards or goalsleadto non - compliance with production / sales standards or goals

from agency problemsresultfrom agency problems

from agency problems andresultfrom agency problems and

to poor firm performanceleadto poor firm performance

to poor firm performanceleadingto poor firm performance

from the changeresultingfrom the change

to a positive relationship between risk and capital if managers ... because of their substantial human 12leadto a positive relationship between risk and capital if managers ... because of their substantial human 12

fees per hoursetfees per hour

audit fee(passive) is influenced byaudit fee

from the delegation of decision rightsresultfrom the delegation of decision rights

from the difference between ownership and controlresultedfrom the difference between ownership and control

from the separation between management and ownershipresultingfrom the separation between management and ownership

from the separation of management and ownershipresultingfrom the separation of management and ownership

from vote buying by managementmight resultfrom vote buying by management

from the separation of ownership and controlresultingfrom the separation of ownership and control

to equity - like securitiescould leadto equity - like securities

In what is even more surprising , this increased cash holding does not appear(passive) to be caused byIn what is even more surprising , this increased cash holding does not appear

to nationwide mail delays ... earlier this yearledto nationwide mail delays ... earlier this year

to an increase in the value of propertyleadingto an increase in the value of property

from his inability to commit to the optimal effort levelresultfrom his inability to commit to the optimal effort level

in higher interest rateresultin higher interest rate

a 1.6 millioncausinga 1.6 million

to a decline in financial performance ... if not properly managedwill leadto a decline in financial performance ... if not properly managed

to increased value of the companywill leadto increased value of the company

in underperformanceresultin underperformance

in a lower quality of earningsmay resultin a lower quality of earnings

This agency contract(passive) is causedThis agency contract

the concept , creative development and direction for the multi - platform campaignledthe concept , creative development and direction for the multi - platform campaign

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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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