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Smart Reasoning:

C&E

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Qaagi - Book of Why

Causes

Effects

a formal written statement to the Audit Committeesettingforth all relationships between the independent auditors and the Company

The separation of ownership rights and management rights on shares of a Joint - stock companyleadsto agency conflicts between shareholders and managers

the 1978 lawcreatedindependent auditors within agencies

legal protectioninfluencesthe agency conflicts between investors and controlling shareholders

concentrated ownership and the associated pyramidal and cross - holding structurescreateagency conflicts between controlling shareholders and outside investors

enough material cases of dishonestyto causeconcern among independent auditors

the use of debtcausedthe agency conflict between firm shareholders and debt holders

Years of mismanagementledindependent auditors of ICCAT

states and local gov’tswould setup independent auditors

forth in the disclosures required in Article III.2.(g ) belowmay be setforth in the disclosures required in Article III.2.(g ) below

problems and promptly withdrew their audit opinions for 2000 and 2001 , and suspended their 2002 audit ( Masters and McCartney , 2003discoveredproblems and promptly withdrew their audit opinions for 2000 and 2001 , and suspended their 2002 audit ( Masters and McCartney , 2003

the fiscal discrepanciesdiscoveredthe fiscal discrepancies

committee(passive) is composedcommittee

Over - investment in enterprises(passive) is mainly caused byOver - investment in enterprises

voluntary industry standards(passive) set ... byvoluntary industry standards

auditing and attestation standards(passive) designed byauditing and attestation standards

stringent tests(passive) set ... bystringent tests

in the United Kingdomoriginatedin the United Kingdom

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Smart Reasoning:

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